大珠母贝人工繁殖技术的研究  

Study on Artificial Reproduction of Pinctada maxima (JAMESON)

作　　者：刘永[1] 余祥勇[1] 邓陈茂[1] 梁飞龙[1] 张春芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524025

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2007年第3期38-44,共7页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

摘　　要：通过大珠母贝人工强化促熟、人工授精、幼虫对不同饵料的消化能力、新型采苗器的采苗以及标粗效果等实验,研究大珠母贝人工繁殖中的有关技术问题。结果表明：使用以骨条藻和天然硅藻做饵料促熟的大珠母贝亲贝进行人工授精可以获得质量较高受精率（达98%）;用于亲贝人工授精的氨水溶液最佳浓度为体积分数10×10-6-30×10-6（氨水原液质量分数为25%-28%）;D形幼虫对饵料的消化能力较差,宜投喂金藻和面包酵母,壳顶幼虫的消化能力强,宜增加扁藻混合投喂;在附着变态期采用新型的聚氯乙烯绳采苗器可以取得较传统附着板更好的采苗及标粗效果,单个采苗器可采壳长2 mm贝苗3.65万只,标粗40 d后贝苗平均成活率可达66.2%,壳长平均生长率可达295μm/d。To massively produce the spats of Pinctada maxima （Jameson）, the technical problems in reproduction of Pinctada maxima （Jameson） were studied. The results showed that we could easily obtain quality zygotes of Pinctada maxima （Jameson） with artificial fertilization by using parents intensively fed with Skeletonema costatum Greville and natural . The rate of fertilization can reach up to 98 % ;the optimum ammonia concentration range in artificial fertilization is 10 × 10^-4-30× 10^-4; the D-shaped larvae have a poorer digestive ability than the umbo-veliger which can effectively digest Platymonas subcordiformis, and should be fed with Isochrysis zhanjiangensis and yeast; after experiencing a period of 9-day＇s D-shaped stage and 14-day＇s umbo-veliger stage the larvae step into the metamorphism period, in which a new type of PVC-rope adhering apparatus should be put into pond, and will be more effective at larvae-collecting and juvenile-rearing than the traditional ones, i.e. the tabular adhering apparatus, the quantity of spats 2mm in shell length adhering on each PVC-rope adhering apparatus can reach as many as 36 500 individuals, and after 40-day juvenile rearing,the mean survival rate of spats can reach 66.2% ,and the mean growth rate in shell length is as high as 295 μm/d.

关 键 词：大珠母贝 人工繁殖 采苗器 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]