珠江口盆地断层封堵特征及其影响因素  

Characteristics and influencing factors of fault sealing in Pearl River Mouth Basin

作　　者：孙龙涛[1] 陈长民 詹文欢[1] 申俊 柳保军 吴湘杰 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室南海海洋研究所 [2]中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司技术部,广东广州510240

出　　处：《石油学报》2007年第4期36-40,共5页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.40476026);国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.40238060);广东省自然科学基金项目(No.04001309)联合资助

摘　　要：珠江口盆地在南东—近南北向拉张应力的作用下形成了北西、近东西和北东向3组断层,其中以正断层为主,正、反向正断层共存。断层两盘的毛管压力差与油气排替压力的关系决定了断层的封堵能力,不同性质的断层在流体运移过程中的作用不同,同一断层在不同时期对流体的控制作用也不同。对珠江口盆地断层的形成机制、发育特征、断面内部结构和应力状态进行了研究,对珠江口盆地断层封堵的特点及其影响因素进行了综合分析。结果表明,封堵盘泥岩含量是断块构造封堵成藏的主要因素,同时断层的断距、起伏状态、走向、倾角、活动时间及次生后期断层均对断层的封堵能力有一定的影响。Three groups of faults in north-west, east-west and north-east directions were generated in the Pearl River Mouth Basin under the extending stress in the south-east to south-north trending. The faults are almost the normal faults, and the positive and negative normal faults are coexistence. The sealing capacity of the faults is decided by the difference between threshold pressure and the displacement pressure of hydrocarbon. The different faults have the different effect on the fluid migration, and the same fault as a pathway for hydrocarbon migration at the different time has different capability. It is generally considered that the active fault is open and the stable fault is close. The analyses on the characteristics and the influencing factors for the fault sealing, and the study of stress, inner structure, deformation mechanism of the faults show that the content of clay is the key factor controlling the fault trap with hydrocarbon accumulation. At the same time, fault throw, fault trend, obliquity, activity time and subsequent small fault are also the affecting factors for fault traps in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.

关 键 词：珠江口盆地 断层 圈闭 封堵能力 影响因素 构造成藏 

分 类 号：TE111.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]