瓶窑镇景观空间格局对鸟类群落多样性的影响  

Impacts of Landscape Spatial Pattern on the Avian Diversity in Pingyao Town,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：周军[1] 唐礼俊[1] 唐仕敏[1] 陆帆[1] 李惠敏[1] 吴千红[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生命科学学院生态与进化生物学系生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2007年第3期377-383,共7页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(39930040)

摘　　要：选取正在迅速城镇化的浙江省杭州市瓶窑镇,按其自然环境梯度设置调查样带,采用GIS软件MapInfoprofessional 6.5 SCP对景观单元特征指数(斑块数、斑块密度、边界密度)、景观异质性指数(破碎度指数、蔓延度指数、景观多样性指数、优势度指数、均匀度指数)和鸟类群落多样性指数进行分析.结果表明,作为过渡区域的城乡交错区和农林交错区表现出较高的景观破碎化,景观多样性程度也较高;城区人工景观规划单一,异质性程度较低;林区主要由人工种植的次生林构成,结构简单,景观多样性最低.比较分析不同景观格局指数与鸟类多样性指数间的变化趋势,交错区域的斑块密度、边界密度和破碎度指数明显高于临近区域,鸟类多样性也高于临近区域,鸟类多样性指数与景观多样性指数之间呈明显的正相关.景观多样性最高的农林交错区,鸟类多样性也最高.Pingyao, a rapidly urbanized area of Hangzhou in Zhejiang Province, was choen as a sanple site that was sct with an cnvircnmental gradient. GIS software （ MapInfo professional 6.5 SCP） was used to analyze the landscape patch characteristics （landscape patch nuber, landscape patch density（P） and perimeter density （K） ） ,landscape heterogeneity index （landscape fragmentation index （F）, contagicn index, landscape diversity index（H）, dcminance index, evenness index（ E ） ） and avian commtmity diversity index. The results showed that F and H were high in both urban-mral transiticnal zone （URTZ） and agro-forestry zone （AFZ） ,landscape heterogeneity index was low in urban zone. H was the lowest in secondary forest zone with a simple structure which was artificial. By relating the landscape index to the avian diversity index,our results suggested that P,K and F were significantly higher in URTZ and AFZ than those in their adjacent regions,and the avian diversity index tended to be higher in URTZ and AFZ than that in other zones. FurOre, the bird species diversity increased with the increase of H. The avian diversity was the highest in AFZ where the H was the highest.

关 键 词：瓶窑 景观格局 鸟类多样性 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]