1957-2006年浙江省奉化市麻疹流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of measles from 1957 to 2006 in Fenghua City of Zhejiang Province

作　　者：王海明[1] 徐永范[1] 袁荣宝[1] 冯伟[1] 孙静[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省奉化市疾病预防控制中心,浙江奉化315500

出　　处：《疾病监测》2007年第6期392-394,共3页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的分析奉化市1957-2006年50年麻疹流行病学特征,为调整麻疹免疫策略提供依据。方法将50年麻疹疫情分为麻疹疫苗接种前、麻疹疫苗推广应用、麻疹疫苗纳入计划免疫一年一次突击接种和麻疹疫苗冷链装备按月接种四个阶段。前三个阶段年均发病率用几何均数,第Ⅳ阶段用算术均数。结果四个阶段麻疹年发病率和年龄构成有显著差异;发病年龄构成由幼儿和学龄儿童为主向8月龄小婴儿和15岁以上人群转移,2005-2006年奉化市本地人口8月龄小婴儿和15岁以上人群发病占总病例数的96.92%。结论为降低大小两端年龄麻疹发病,达到消除麻疹的目标,建议对初中学生加强接种麻疹疫苗。Objective The study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in fifty years＇ period from 1957 to 2006 in Fenghua City for the adjustment of measles immunization strategy. Methods The measles epidemic in the fifty years were divided into four stages： before the measles vaccination, in the measles vaccine popularization, after the measles vaccine became planned-immunization once a year and monthly measles vaccine with cold chain equipment. Geometric mean was used for the average annual incidence rate at the first three stages, while arithmetic mean was used at IV stage. Results The incidence of measles and age constitution had significant differences among the four stages; the onset age ranged from chiefly the early childhood and school-age to 8-month-old and over 15-year-old. Eight-month-old infants and the youth over 15-year-old accounted for 96.92% of the total cases in Fenghua from 2005 to 2006. Conclusion It is required to strengthen the measles vaccine immunization for junior high school students to reduce the high incidence of measles among older and younger people and to eradicate the measles disease.

关 键 词：麻疹 发病率 麻疹疫苗 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]