支气管哮喘患者生存质量影响因素和心理人格分析  

Quality of life of asthma patients and its influencing factors

作　　者：段熙明[1] 刘春红[2] 石寿森[3] 李玉[2] 潘芳[1] 陈政[4] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学医学院医学心理学研究所,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学齐鲁医院呼吸内科,山东济南250012 [3]滨州医学院科研处,山东滨州256603 [4]山东中医药大学第二附属医院癫痫治疗中心,山东济南250001

出　　处：《山东大学学报（医学版）》2007年第7期730-734,共5页Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Y2005C36)

摘　　要：目的:探讨成年哮喘患者生存质量及影响因素。方法:采用支气管哮喘生存质量评估表(AQLQ)、激惹、抑郁和焦虑自评量表(IDA)、正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)、自尊量表(SES)、安全感量表(SQ)以及自行设计的问卷对42例哮喘患者和正常对照组35例进行现场调查。结果:患者的抑郁得分、PANAS测量的负性情绪得分高于正常组,自尊水平和人际安全感均低于正常组,感情孤独得分高于正常组。生存质量总分与职业、病程、内向性激惹、消极认知观念负相关,与受教育程度、1s用力呼气量、PANAS测量的正性情绪、自尊、哮喘知识正相关,与抑郁、负性情绪显著负相关。抑郁与哮喘知识评分呈负相关,与积极认知观念负相关,与消极认知观念正相关,内向性激惹与消极认知观念正相关,负性情绪与消极认知观念显著正相关,自尊与积极认知观念正相关,感情孤独与哮喘知识显著负相关,人际安全感与积极认知观念正相关,确定控制感与消极认知观念显著负相关。结论:成年哮喘患者存在心理问题,生存质量与社会、心理、认知诸多因素有关,应当加强对哮喘患者的心理干预,让患者掌握更多的哮喘知识,强化积极的认知观念,促进健康行为,从而提高生存质量。Objective： To explore the quality of life（QOL） of asthma patients and its systematical influencing factors. Methods： 42 asthma patients and 35 normal people were tested with psychological rating scales including AQLQ, IDA, PANAS, SES, SQ. Results： The scores of asthma patients were higher than those of the control group in depression mood and negative affect. Compared with the normal controls, the self-esteem and safety-sense of relationship in patients were low while the emotional loneliness was high. The QOL of asthma patients had a negative association with vocation, the course of disease intemal irritation and negative cognition concept and had a positive association with the degree of education, FEV1, positive affect, self-esteem, and asthma knowledge. The QOL had a significant negative association with depression mood and negative affect. Depression mood had a negative association with asthma knowledge and positive cognition concept, while it had a positive association with negative cognition concept. Internal irritability had a positive association with negative cognition concept. Negative affect had significant association with negative cognition concept. Self- esteem had a positive association with positive cognition concept. Etnotional loneliness had a significant negative association with asthma knowledge. The safety-sense of relationship had a positive association with positive cognition concept. The controlling-sense had a significant negative association with negative cognition concept. Conclusion： There are psychological problems in asthma patients whose QOL is influenced by many factors. Psychological intervention should be reinforced; asthma knowledge and positive cognition concept should be developed in asthma patients to improve their QOL.

关 键 词：哮喘 生活质量 情绪 认知 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]