深部海相碳酸盐岩储层孔隙发育的主控因素研究  

MAIN CONTROL FACTORS OF PORE DEVELOPMENT IN DEEP MARINE CARBONATE RESERVOIRS

作　　者：赵雪凤[1] 朱光有[2] 刘钦甫[1] 张水昌[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京),北京100083 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2007年第4期514-521,共8页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40602016);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技风险创新研究项目"碳酸盐岩新型溶蚀模式的确立和优质储层的预测方法研究"联合资助

摘　　要：目前我国海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探正处于一个大发展期,而且海相碳酸盐岩油气田多数处于埋深4000 m以下深部的古生界层系;如何在深层碳酸盐岩中寻找优质储层已成为油气勘探家们关心的焦点;与国外相比,我国深部碳酸盐岩地层形成时间早且后期经历了强烈的构造运动,成岩演化历程复杂,孔隙型储层难以预测。认为深部海相碳酸盐岩储层孔隙的发育受多种因素控制,其中白云岩化对于改善储层性质有着重要作用;烃类侵位带入的有机酸对溶蚀孔隙的发育具有一定的作用,弱酸性的液态烃抑制了储层的成岩作用,有利于孔隙的保持;烃类热演化中产生的CO2等酸性气体有利于埋藏溶蚀孔隙的产生,特别是硫酸盐热化学反应(TSR)产生的H2S等酸性流体对次生孔隙的扩容和增加新的溶蚀孔隙更具有关键作用;构造不整合面、断层、构造微裂缝对深部孔隙的发育起到了连通的作用。Marine carbonate exploration is being flourishing in China, and most of these hydrocarbon fields belong to deep reservoirs. Oil and gas explorers have focused on how to find high quality reservoirs in deep carbonate layers. Compared with other countries, the deep carbonate layers in China formed earlier and experienced intense tectonic movement, and the type of diagenesis is more complicated, so exploration is more difficult. Many factors control the development of porosity in deep marine carbonate reservoirs： ① Favorable deposition environment is the base of the development of deep reservoirs; ②Dolomitization has an important effect on the development of the pore of reservoirs; ③Organic acid brought by hydrocarbon migration can produce dissolution pores during the deep burial period, faintly acid liquid hydrocarbon can repress diagenesis and save porosity of reservoirs ; ④Organic acid, CO2 and other acidic gases generated by organic matter maturation can produce burial dissolution pores, among them H2S and other acidic gases generated by TSR have key effect in expanding discordance and structure fault can produce huge and they form important migration pathways for porosity and adding new dissolution pores; ⑤Structural dissolution, structure micro-crack reservoir permeability, corrosion fluids.

关 键 词：深部碳酸盐岩 海相 孔隙发育 白云岩化 TSR 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]