注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的社会适应行为特征  

Social adaptive behavior traits of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

作　　者：静进[1] 吴丙辰[1] 麦坚凝[2] 杨文翰[1] 杨思渊[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生系,广东广州510080 [2]广州市儿童医院神经科,广东广州510120

出　　处：《中国实用儿科杂志》2007年第7期502-505,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金重点项目(04105345)

摘　　要：目的　探讨了解注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童社会适应行为特征、个性特征及其相关关系。方法　采用国内修订版儿童适应行为评定量表（ADQ）、Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）和艾森克个性问卷儿童版（EPQ）,对2003-04—2004-01在广州市儿童医院精神康复科就诊的67例7-12岁ADHD儿童（ADHD组）和相同年龄的85例正常儿童（对照组）进行了测评比较分析。结果　ADHD组在ADQ量表中感觉运动分低于对照组（P〈0.05）,语言发展、个人取向、社会责任、社会自制因子、适应能力商数分低于对照组（P〈0.01）。在CBCL中,ADHD组的活动能力、交际能力、学校情况分值均低于对照组（P〈0.01）,ADHD组有明显的社交退缩倾向（P〈0.05）,他们更容易发生抑郁、体诉、多动、攻击等行为表现（P〈0.01）,其中体诉、违纪两个因子是ADHD的危险因子,对ADHD的发生具有预测性。在EPQ中,ADHD组的P分、N分值明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,而L分则低于对照组（P〈0.01）,E维度对ADHD儿童有社会自制行为影响明显。结论　ADHD儿童社会适应水平低下和不良人格倾向,并且伴随多种与适应不良有关的问题行为。Objective To explore the social adaptive behavior traits, personality characteristics of children with attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder （ ADHD ） and correlativity between them. Methods A total of 67 children with ADHD aged 7 - 12 years and 85 unimpaired children as control samples were interviewed and investigated with revised edition of Child＇s Adaptive Behavior Scale（CABS）, Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist（CBCL） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） ,and the results were compared. Results In CABS, for children with ADHD, sense-activity scores were lower than control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , and some factor scores, including language-development, individual-tropism, socialresponsibility, social self- restraint factor and ADQ, were lower than control group（ P 〈 0. 01 ）. In CBCL, for children with ADHD, scores of activity-level, peer-relations and school-status were lower than control group（ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Compared with control group, significant tendency in social intercourse appeared more in children with ADHD （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , and their behavior presented more depression, body-complaint, hyperactivities and aggression （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Especially, the two factors （ body-complaint and hyperactivities ） were the risk factors for ADHD, which could predicate the occurrence of ADHD. In EPQ,P scores and N scores for children with ADHD were significantly higher than control group（ P 〈0. 01） ,and L scores were lower I P 〈 0. 01 ）. E dimension influenced the social self- restraint behaviors of children with ADHD. Condusion The children with ADHD are with relatively low social adaptive abilities and have tendency to abnormal person- ality, which are accompanied by various behavior problems related to maladaptation.

关 键 词：注意缺陷多动障碍 适应行为 个性特征 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]