灌溉对麦田土壤线虫区系的影响  

Effects of irrigation on nematode communities in wheat field

作　　者：李秀侠[1] 吴海燕[1] 时立波[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植保学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2007年第4期413-418,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(2004ZRB01001);山东农业大学博士基金资助项目(01523105)

摘　　要：通过对不同灌水处理麦田的不同层次土壤样品的采集、线虫的分离、鉴定及分析，研究不同灌水条件对麦田土壤生态系统中线虫区系的影响，共鉴定线虫20科35属，包括植物寄生性线虫（PP）、食真菌线虫（F）、食细菌线虫（B）和杂食／捕食线虫（OP）等4个营养类群，食细菌线虫为优势营养类群，占鉴定线虫总数的56．1％；头叶属、真滑刃属、矮化属为优势属；拔节水（T1处理）土壤中线虫总数和食细菌线虫数大于其它两个灌水处理，且差异达显著水平（P〈0．05）；灌水处理对土壤线虫的垂直分布有显著影响，T1，处理条件下0～10cm土层线虫数显著高于其他处理（P〈0．01）．不同灌溉处理对土壤线虫群落生物多样性的垂直分布有一定的影响．麦田灌溉处理中，拔节水（T1）处理可促进麦田土壤中食细菌线虫群体的增殖，改善土壤健康状况，有利于土地资源的可持续性．Effects of irrigation on nematode community in wheat field soil ecosystem were studied, the soil samples from different irrigation fields were collected, and the nematodes were extracted through sucrose-centrifuge and were identified to the genus level with the aid of microscope. A total of 16073 soil nematode individuals were captured and fell into 25 families and 35 genera, including four trophic groups, i.e. plant-parasites （PP）, fungivores （F）, bacterivores （B） and omnivore-predators （OP）. Bacterivores was the dominant trophic group that account for 56.1% of the total individuals. Cephalobus, Aphelenchus and Tylenchorhynchus were the dominant genera. The total of nematodes and bacterivores in T1 treatment were more than those of the other treatments, and showed significant difference （P〈0. 05）. Irrigation had significant effect on vertical distribution of soil nematode, the number of nematode at 0-10 cm soil depth in T1 treatment was more than that of other treatments （P〈 0. 01）. Diversity index of vertical distribution of soil nematode community was influenced by different irrigation treatments. In conclusion, jointing stage water （T1） can promote multiplication of bacterivores, improve soil health, and be benefit to sustaining development of soil resource.

关 键 词：土壤线虫 灌溉 麦田 

分 类 号：S154.386[农业科学—土壤学] Q145[农业科学—农业基础科学]