人工降雨条件下秸秆覆盖减少水土流失的效应研究  

Effects of Straw Mulch Application on Water Loss and Soil Erosion Under Simulated Rainfall

作　　者：唐涛[1] 郝明德[2] 单凤霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2007年第4期1-3,共3页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目（KZCX2-YW-424-3）;国家科技支撑计划（2006BAD15801-02）;农业部保护性耕作创新项目;陕西省保护性耕作项目.

摘　　要：采用人工降雨模拟试验,研究秸秆不同用量对径流、入渗和土壤侵蚀的影响。结果表明：秸秆覆盖有增加入渗和减少水土流失的作用;覆盖率大于40%条件下能有效的控制水土流失,但当覆盖率低于40%时对控制水土流失的作用不明显。在土壤含水量10%,降雨强度120 mm/h的雨强条件下,秸秆覆盖能推迟起流时间1～15min,增加累积入渗量37%～113%,减少径流总量3%～40%,减少土壤侵蚀10%～80%,效果随着覆盖率的增加而增加。By the basis of experiments of simulated rainfall, to study the effect of different quantity straw mulch on runoff water infiltration and soil erosion. The result shows that straw mulch can increase water infiltration, reduce run off and reduce soil erosion. The cover rate more than 40% can control water and soil loss. Or can＇t control water and soil loss. Under water content 10% and 120 mm·h^-1 rainfall rate, straw mulch can delay runoff 1～15 minutes, increase accumulative infiltration 37% ～113%, reduce runoff 3～40%, and reduce soil erosion than CK. Effects of straw mulch control water and soil loss increase as cover rate increases.

关 键 词：人工降雨 秸秆覆盖 水土流失 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]