大豆疫霉菌部分生物学特性及其药剂筛选研究  

Biological characteristics and screening of fungicides against Phytophthora sojae on soybean

作　　者：兰成忠[1] 陈庆河[1] 赵健[1] 邱荣洲[1] 李本金[1] 翁启勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所,福州350013

出　　处：《植物保护》2007年第4期92-96,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：福建省科技厅重大招标项目(2002N088)

摘　　要：采用大豆疫霉菌在不同条件下菌丝生长速度法研究了大豆疫霉菌的部分生物学特性，并应用杀菌剂室内生测、盆栽药剂防效对药效作了评价。研究结果表明，大豆疫霉菌营养生长的最适温度为25-30℃；最适pH为6；光暗交替有利于该菌营养体的生长，在Rye或CA培养基上生长最快。室内药效测定结果表明，烯酰吗啉EC50为O．1654μg/mL，抑菌效果最好，甲霜灵、甲霜灵·锰锌和氟吗啉·锰锌的EC50分别为0.2610、0.4510和0.9842μg/mL，效果次之。盆栽试验结果表明，几种药剂在活体条件下对大豆疫病的防治效果较好，并有较长持效期。To study the biological characteristics of Phytophthora sojae and screen effective fungicides against soybean blight, mycelial growth rate of P. sojae was tested under different conditions and some fungicides were screened in the laboratory and greenhouses. The results showed that the optimum temperature for mycelial growth of P. sojae ranged from 25 ℃℃ to 30℃,and the optimum pH was 6. Mycelia grew well in rye and carrot agar media. Light was needed for the growth of mycelia, and mycelia grew well with a 12 h light period per day. In vitro experiments showed that dimethomorp, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M mancozeb and flumorph effectively inhibited the growth of P. sojae. The ECs0 values of dimethomorp, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M mancozeb and flumorph were 0. 165 4 μg/mL, 0. 261 0 μg/mL, 0. 451 0μg/mL and 0. 984 2 μg/mL, respectively. Dimethomorp had the lowest EC50 value and exhibited the highest inhibitory action to P. sojae. Greenhouse tests showed that flumorph, dimethomorph and metalaxyl were effective in controlling Phytophthora damping off and root rot of soybean in vivo and the inhibition lasted for a longer period of time. All the data showed that flumorph, dimethomorph and metalaxyl could be used to control Phytophthora damping off and root rot of soybean in fields.

关 键 词：大豆 大豆疫霉菌 生物学特性 化学防治 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]