日本关于钢管钎压焊新技术的研发进展  

Research Progress in New Steel Pipe Welding Technique of Braze Pressure Welding in Japan

作　　者：张贵锋[1] 张建勋[1] 裴怡[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学焊接研究所,西安710049

出　　处：《焊管》2007年第4期10-17,共8页Welded Pipe and Tube

摘　　要：自2000年以来,为取代螺纹-法兰连接与电弧焊这两种传统的现场钢管对接工艺,日本开发了一种名为钎压焊(BPW:Braze Pressure Welding)的钢管压力对焊现场安装新技术。BPW新工艺以熔点较高并能显著溶解母材的钎料为中间层,利用感应电源加热并施加较大的压力,挤出液态中间层及氧化膜等形成的夹杂物,最终在焊接面周边形成圆滑过渡的钎角,同时,在界面处实现洁净母材之间直接接触的固相压力焊接合。BPW工艺的主要优点:①无火灾危险及焊工操作技能引起的接头性能波动;②对接面错边处所形成的钎角,降低了错边引起的应力集中,增大了接合面积;③液态中间层溶解、剥离母材表面氧化膜以及氧化膜自身的球化,使液态中间层对母材表面氧化膜有自清洁作用;④与固态焊接相比,降低了所需的焊接压力与变形。BPW尤为适于在狭窄空间或易燃、易爆环境下的现场钢管对接。Braze pressure welding(BPW)has been invented as a new steel pipe pressure butt-welding technique for on-site piping in Japan since 2000 to replace the currently used bolt-flange joining and arc welding methods.In the BPW,a brazing filler metal,which has high melting point and is able to dissolve the base metal significantly,is placed between the faying surface to be joined,the assembly is heated with high frequency induction heating,and a high uniaxial pressure is applied to discharge the molten interlayer metal involving the inclusions consisted of oxide films from the joining interface.Thus,a fillet is formed around the joining area by the discharged filler metals;the cleaned base metals are directly pressure-welded to each other in solid state.The BPW has some advantages,such as:①There are no the danger of fire and the dispersion in the joint properties due to welder’s skill.②The fillets have the effects on both relaxing the stress concentration at the joining interface and increasing the joining area.③The molten interlayer has cleaning effect to dissolve the oxide film on the joining surface and make it detached,and the detached oxide film spheroidize simultaneously.④The base metals are directly pressure welded under lower pressure and less deformation than those in the ordinary solid state pressure welding.BPW is useful especially in these cases of narrow space and inflammable environment.

关 键 词：钢管的钎压焊 压力焊 过渡液相扩散焊 氧化膜 应力集中 钎角 

分 类 号：TG454[金属学及工艺—焊接]