林下广场、无林广场和草坪的温湿度及人体舒适度  

The effects of greening,none-greening square and lawn on temperature, humidity and human comfort

作　　者：吴菲[1] 李树华[1] 刘娇妹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学观赏园艺与园林系,北京100094

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第7期2964-2971,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30671718)~~

摘　　要：园林绿地是缓解城市热岛效应的有效途径,绿地在降温增湿方面发挥着重要作用。选择北京市万芳亭公园林下广场、无林广场和草坪作为研究对象,对三者调节城市小气候的效应进行了定量化研究。每天8:00～18:00,每2h一次分别对林下广场、无林广场和草坪的温度、相对湿度进行同步测定,连续测定7d。结果表明:在一天中的高温时段(12:00～16:00),林下广场的温度最低、相对湿度最高;在傍晚(18:00)草坪的温度最低、相对湿度最高。与无林广场相比,林下广场的降温幅度为0.3～3.3℃,平均值为1.9℃;增湿幅度为1.1%～5.9%,平均值为4.1%。林下广场的日最高温度值是最低的,可大大缩短高温持续时间,最多可缩短8h。在一天中的任何时刻,林下广场和无林广场的温度、相对湿度差异均达到了极显著水平(Duncan’s多重比较,p<0.01)。林下广场调节城市小气候的功能最佳,人体舒适度最好,是夏季人们户外活动的较佳选择。Urban green space is an effective way to alleviate urban heat island effect. It plays a very important role in temperature dropping and humidifying. In this paper, three kinds of green space including square with tree layer（ greening square） and without tree layer （none-greening square） also lawn were selected in Wan-Fang-Ting Park to study on effects of greening space on temperature, humidity and human comfort. The air temperature and relative humidity were measured once every two hours from 8：00 to 18：00 every day and continuously seven days in July 2006. The results indicate that greening square has the lowest temperature and highest humidity during the middle of the day with high air temperature and the lawn has the lowest temperature and highest humidity in the late afternoon. Compared with none-greening square, the greening square can decrease temperature 0.3 -3.3℃ with the average of 1.9℃, and increase the humidity from 2.1%-4.7%, with the average of 3.2%. The greening square has lowest daily maximum temperature and can reduce the duration of high temperature for the maximum eight hours. The differences of air temperature and humidity between greening square and none-greening square reach significance level （p 〈 0.01 ） by Duncan＇s multiple comparison. It can be concluded that the greening square has the best effects on the adjustment of urban microclimate and human weu-being, and can be important for outdoor activities.

关 键 词：城市绿地 城市广场 小气候效应 草坪 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]