生态交错带及其研究进展  

A review of ecotone: concepts, attributes, theories and research advances

作　　者：朱芬萌[1] 安树青[1] 关保华[1] 刘玉虹[1] 周长芳[1] 王中生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学生命科学学院湿地生态研究所,全球变化与生态研究室,南京210093

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第7期3032-3042,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家973重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2002CB111504);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(30430570);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30400054)~~

摘　　要：生态交错带研究对探索自然生态规律和保护环境有重要意义。近30a来,有关生态交错带的论文数平均年增57%,显示其得到了愈来愈广泛的关注。回顾了生态交错带概念的产生与发展,区分了它与边缘、生态边界层与生态过渡带等概念的异同;简述了其7个基本属性,即高生物多样性、丰富的特有种、大量外来种、频繁的物质流动、敏感的时空动态性、结构的异质性和脆弱性;总结提炼了生态交错带的基本原理和假说;综述了生态交错带的生物多样性产生机制、对全球变化的响应与反馈、生态设计与管理以及生态交错带模型发展和整合的研究进展。提出今后需要大力发展理论研究、多尺度模型转化和多因子综合分析,以完善生态交错带理论并支持生态学机理的探索。Ecotone is a unique landscape that displays special ecology attributes and service functions. Investigation of ecotone is significantly beneficial to both exploring novel ecological laws and conserving the vulnerable environment. An increasing attention to ecotone is evidenced by the average annual publication growth rate of 57% in the last 30 years. This paper presents the concepts of and the differences among ecotones, and its related terms （ ecological boundary, transitional area, environmental gradient and edge ）. Specifically, ecotone is a region between two ecological systems with unique ecological properties, and ecological boundary is a generic term including all kinds of interfaces, while transitional area is a description of the scope between adjacent geographic zones. Edges and environmental gradient are terms not confined to ecological discipline. Furthermore, seven basic features of ecotone are summarized in brief as： high-biodiversity, rich ecotonal species, abundant exotic species, frequent material flows, sensitive temporal-spatial dynamics, structure heterogeneity and frangibility. Then, we introduced the published principals and hypotheses about ecotone as well as originally presented Gene Hybrid Zone Hypothesis, Habitat Pressure Hypothesis, and System Successsional Hypothesis to elucidate the mechanisms of ecotone. At last, research advances are discussed in four aspects： （1） The patterns ofbiodiversity development in ecotones. More and more researches have been exhibiting that ecotone creates genetic diversity although its species richness is still controversial. （2） Responses and feedback to global changes. Ecotone is very sensitive to global changes （warmer climate, disturbances, and biological invasion, etc. ）. The changes of landscape in ecotones are presumably due to the alteration of varied material flows. （3） Ecological design and management of ecotones. Many researches are performed on the functions of conduit, filter and barrier of ecotones, particularly in lan

关 键 词：生态交错带 生态边界层 生态过渡带 生物多样性 全球变化 模型 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]