低佛劳德数掺气坎空腔回水问题研究  

Numerical simulation on backwater downstream of aerators in spillway with low Froude number flow

作　　者：漆力健[1] 廖华胜[1] 李贵吉[1] 张建民[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学及山区河流开发与保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《水利学报》2007年第7期819-825,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家教育部<跨世纪优秀人才培养计划>;回国留学人员科研启动基金资助

摘　　要：为解决低佛劳德数缓坡泄洪洞掺气坎空腔易发生水流回溯,影响进气的问题,结合大渡河大岗山水电站泄洪洞,采用k-ε紊流模型对连续式掺气坎、连续式掺气坎加局部陡坡以及U型掺气坎加局部陡坡三种体型的掺气坎进行了数值模拟和物理模型试验,结果表明设置U型掺气坎可以有效地抑制水流回溯,稳定掺气空腔,消除空腔内积水,增大气水交界面积,提高掺气效率,而且具有体型简单等优点。Backwater always takes place downstream of conventional aerators with simple deflecting bucket in spillway with low Froude number flow and results in the problem of ventilation. The flows of three types of aerator design including the conventional aerator only, conventional aerator combining with steep downstream slope and U type aerator combining with steep downstream slope were studied both by model test and numerical simulation. The k-ε turbulence model is applied to carry out the numerical simulation. It is found that the U type aerator is effective in eliminating the backwater and stabilizing the cavity downstream of the aerator. At the same time the aeration effect is improved since the interface area between the nappe surface and air is increased.

关 键 词：掺气设施 回溯水流 缓坡 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]