南方丘陵季节性干旱区节水单季中稻模式的生态经济分析  

Ecological Economic Analysis of Water-saving and Mono-season Medium rice Model Ecosystems in Southern China Seasonal Drought Hilly Region

作　　者：赵言文[1] 肖新[2] 胡锋[2] 施国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2007年第21期6678-6680,6690,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2002AA2Z4331)

摘　　要：运用生态经济学原理,采取实地调查和田间试验方法,研究南方丘陵典型季节性干旱区新型节水单季中稻模式生态系统的物流、能流特征及其经济效益与生态环境效益。结果表明,与常规稻模式相比,新型节水单季中稻模式的综合效益较高。从经济效益来看,与常规双季稻模式相比,新型节水单季中稻模式的纯收入、成本收益率分别增加104%、144%;与常规单季中稻模式相比,新型节水单季中稻模式的纯收入、成本收益率分别增加83%、21%。从生态环境效益来看,与常规双季稻模式相比,新型节水单季中稻模式的灌溉水量、农药施用量、化肥施用量分别减少34%、5%、32%;与常规单季中稻模式相比,新型节水单季中稻模式的灌溉水量减少8%,且每年削减非点源N污染负荷13.4 kg/hm2。Based on field investigation and experimental data analysis,the ecological economic principles were applied to study the material flow,energy flows,economic and ecological benefits of water-saving medium dee model.The results showed that the net production and the economical production of water-saving rredium rice model ecosystems were 378 094 × 10^6J/（hm^2·a）and 197 793× 10^6J/（hm^2·a）respeetively.This research indicated that the watersaving medium rice model had a higher integral benefit than local rice medel.Tne higher energy conversion efflciency,light utilization efficiency and economic efficiency were found in water-saving mono-season medium flee model.Meanwhile it could notably save water, fertilizer and pesticide so that it could control agriculture non-point resource pollution.In view of the ecological benefit,its irrigation water,fertilizer and pesticide were decreased by 34% ,5% and 32% respectively,compared with local double-cropping flee model.13.4 kg/hm^2 of non-point source N pollution load could be cut down annually, compared to local mono-season medium dee model.

关 键 词：节水 单季中稻模式 生态经济分析 

分 类 号：S511.32[农业科学—作物学]