速发型和缓发型支气管哮喘重度和危重度发作临床分析  

Clinical retrospective study on rapid-onset and slow-onset severe exacerbation of asthma

作　　者：尹红军[1] 何永福[1] 刘福军[1] 许士明 

机构地区：[1]北京通州潞河医院急诊科,北京101149

出　　处：《中国呼吸与危重监护杂志》2007年第4期253-256,共4页Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

摘　　要：目的比较速发型、缓发型支气管哮喘(危)重度发作的临床特点及治疗反应的异同。方法应用回顾性分析方法,将96例急性(危)重哮喘发作分为速发组(≤3 h)14例和缓发组(>3 h)82例,比较两组的一般情况、发作前病情及用药、诱因、是否行有创机械通气、病死率及住院时间。结果速发组和缓发组比较,中青年患者居多[(41±10)岁比(52±16)岁,P<0.01],呼吸道感染不是其主要诱因(P<0.01),病情重,院内病死率无明显差异(P>0.05),但对治疗反应好,住院时间短[(6±5)d比(14±7)d,P<0.01]。结论速发型(危)重哮喘发作具有与缓发型不同的诱因、临床过程及预后,及时有效地治疗速发型哮喘可取得满意的临床效果。Objective To compare the clinical characteristics and the treatment response between rapid-onset asthma（ROA） and slow-onset asthma （SOA） patients with severe acute exacerbation. Methods Ninety-six patients with acute severe asthma were analyzed retrospectively in which fottrteen cases were ROA（ ≤3 h ） and eighty-two were SOA（ 〉 3 h）. Clinical data were collected such as gender, age, conditions before attacks, triggers, chances of invasive mechanical ventilation, mortality and days of hospitalization. Results ROA was more common in younger patients, triggered by vary factors other than respiratory tract infection, had more severe clinic course, more rapid response to treatment and fewer days of hospitalization than the SOA group. Conclusion A distinct clinical profile of ROA with severe attacks manifestes with different triggers, clinical course and prognosis.

关 键 词：急性重度哮喘 速发型哮喘 缓发型哮喘 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]