额、枕部直接冲击导致中脑损伤的力学机制研究  

Mechanics of midbrain injure by frontal or occipital direct head impact

作　　者：何黎民[1] 卢亦成[2] 吴建国[3] 王伟民[1] 刘平[2] 陈学强[3] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区总医院神经外科,广州510010 [2]上海第二军医大学长征医院脑外科 [3]上海同济大学生命科学与医学工程研究院

出　　处：《中华神经外科杂志》2007年第7期493-495,共3页Chinese Journal of Neurosurgery

基　　金：上海市科技发展基金项目(014119099)

摘　　要：目的分析额、枕部直接冲击造成中脑应力响应,探讨颅脑直接冲击导致脑干损伤的力学机制。方法构建头颅三维有限元模型,模拟计算额、枕部直接冲击损伤,分析中脑上、下交界面节点应力分布,总结中脑应力响应。结果中脑-间脑界面在冲击初始阶段,2ms即出现应力增高,中脑-桥脑界面应力升高开始于冲击后期(10ms),两交界面节点应力在冲击时程中均持续升高,额部冲击比枕部冲击在中-间脑界面造成的应力峰值高。结论中脑在颅脑直接冲击伤的致伤机制中占有突出地位,中脑的应力改变可解释脑震荡的意识障碍及部分原发脑干伤的临床表现。Objective To analyze the stress corresponding of midbrain during frontal or occipital direct head impact and discuss the mechanisms of direct impact head injury. Methods Using a threedimensional finite element model, the frontal and occipital direct impacts were studied. A sine-squared pulse with a 6.8-KN peak and 18-ms duration was applied to the frontal bone and occipital bone. The results of Van Mises stress of mesencephalon were investigated. Results The Von Mises stress of mesencephalon changed at very beginning of loading. It increased in the full loading time history. The stress results of those simulations were compared to the clinical imaging findings of head injury cases. A good correlation was found between mesencephalon response, in terms of Von Mises stress, and observed brain injuries in clinical findings. Conclusion The stress of the mesencephalon caused by direct head impact is one of the major cause of brain stem injury.

关 键 词：脑损伤 头颅冲击 生物力学 有限元法 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学]