南京自然温光条件对多年生黑麦草幼穗分化的影响  

Effects of Natural Temperature and Daylenght on the Spike Differentiation of Perennial Ryegrass.

作　　者：章崇玲[1,2] 梁祖铎[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学生物技术学院 [2]南京农业大学动物科学系

出　　处：《中国草地》1997年第3期2-6,23,共6页Grassland of China

摘　　要：两年分期播种表明，南京自然温光条件对多年生黑麦草幼穗分化进程的影响，主要表现在单棱至雌雄蕊原基分化阶段。种子萌发至单棱期的天数与日均温度呈负相关。单棱至二棱需要某种低温的诱导，二棱的出现是黑麦草通过春化阶段的形态标志，也是幼穗能否发育完全的转折点。进入二棱后，高温长日照加速幼穗分化进程。幼穗分化的天数与每穗种子粒数呈显著正相关。单棱至护颖分化的日均温较低，小花分化至抽穗的光照时数较多，有利于提高黑麦草种子粒数和产量。The result of sowing dates for two years showed that the effect of natural temperature and daylength on the spike differentiation of Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was mainly in the stage from single ridge to stamen and pistil primordium appearance. The days from the germination of seed to single ridge initiation was negatively related to daily average temperature. The single ridge phase was induced by low temperature. The double ridge was morphological mark perennial ryegrass had passed vernalization. Highter temperature and longer daylength could accelerate the spike differentiation after the double ridge. There was a significantly positive relationship between the number of grains per spike and the length of the duration of spike differentiation. The lower daily average temperature from single ridge to glume primordium appearance, the higher accumulated temperature during the period of floret primordium to stamen and pistil primordium, the greater the sum of sunshine hours of phase from floret primordium to heading, the larger the number of grains per spike and the higher the seed yield.

关 键 词：黑麦草 幼穗分化 温光因子 种子性状 

分 类 号：S543.6[农业科学—作物学]