乌鲁木齐冬季大雾与低空逆温的关系  

The Relation Between Heavy Fog and Low Temperature Inversion in Winter in Urumqi

作　　者：郑玉萍[1] 李景林[1] 刘增强[1] 陈洁[1] 闫战江 

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2007年第3期21-25,共5页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：乌鲁木齐市科委应用研究重点项目(Y30502);新疆气象局科研项目(200309)资助

摘　　要：为了找出雾与逆温之间的联系和规律,为大雾预报提供参考依据,利用乌鲁木齐市2000年1月—2006年4月的地面、探空资料,对210个大雾日和1221个逆温日进行了统计特征分析。分析表明,乌鲁木齐市区逆温年发生频率为82%。一年中冬半年(10—3月)平均月发生频率为92%,夏半年(4—9月)平均月发生频率为68%。大雾只出现在10月至次年4月,雾日平均每年32.7d。冬季强逆温是形成大雾的重要条件之一,各月大雾日数与逆温日数及逆温层的厚度值、温差值之间呈正相关;与逆温层的底高呈反相关;在同一个月中,当逆温层底高低、温差大和强度强的情况下,出现雾的几率大;从7a雾日逆温平均特征值与无雾日逆温平均特征值比较分析表明:雾日逆温存在底高低、顶高低、厚度厚、温差大、强度强的特点。For finding out the relation and regulation between heavy fog and temperature inversion, to provide the reference for the heavy fog forecast, make use of the data of surface observation and sounding in Urumqi from 2000 Jan. to 2006 Apr. , to analyze the statistic characteristic about 210 heavy fog and 1221 inversion days. These analysis indicated： the year happened frequency of inversion as 82%,the average months＇ happened frequency of inversion as 92% in winter （Oct.-next Mar.）,and the same as 68% in summer （Apr. -Sep.） on Urumqi downtown. But the heavy fog happened merely from Oct. to the next Apr., the average fog days were 32.7d per year. In winter the strong inversion was one of the important conditions for the heavy fog. The heavy fog days, in each month, presented positive correlation with the inversion days, the temperature difference value and the thickness of temperature inversion, and negative correlation with the bottom high of inversion layer. In the same each month , when the temperature difference and intensity of inversion layer were strengthening , so that was a high occurred probability for fog. To analyze the inversion characteristic value on fogged days or not about 7 years, it is showed the inversion in fog day had peculiarity with low bottom, high top, bigger thickness, strong temperature difference and strong characteristics of strength.

关 键 词：大雾 逆温 特征分析 

分 类 号：P457.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]