两级逆向垂直潜流人工湿地去除营养物的性能研究  

Study on Performance of Two-stage Inverse Vertical Subsurface-flow Constructed Wetland for Removal of Nutrients

作　　者：崔玉波[1] 余丹[2] 朱宝英[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连民族学院环境工程系,辽宁大连116600 [2]吉林建筑工程学院环境工程系,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2007年第15期8-12,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：建设部研究开发项目(04-2-067)

摘　　要：针对人工湿地同步脱氮除磷效果不佳及易滋生蚊蝇的问题，提出了两级逆向垂直潜流这一新的运行模式。合成污水经酸化预处理后依次流经两级湿地，当一级湿地的水力负荷为4．8～9．5cm／d、有机负荷为10～27gCOD／（m^2·d）时，其对COD的平均去除率约为70％；两级湿地对COD的总去除率〉90％。NH4^＋ -N主要是由二级湿地去除的，当氨氮负荷为1．32-2．32g／（m^2·d）时，一级湿地对NH4^＋ -N的去除率甚至出现了负值，为-5．6％～9．7％；而在0．93～1．6g／（m^2·d）的负荷下，二级湿地获得了较高的NH4^＋ -N去除率，为94％～100％。二级湿地内发生了明显的硝化／反硝化反应，硝化率和反硝化率分别为0．93～1．53gNH4^＋ -N／（m^2·d）和0．47～0．79g NO3^- -N／（m^2·d）。两级湿地对TN的去除率为38．2％-57％；在一、二级湿地的总磷负荷分别为（0．07～0．16）、（0．07～0．11）g／（m^2·d）的条件下，对TP的总去除率达到了97％以上。Aimed at the problems of the poor efficiency of simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal and the breeding of flies and mosquitoes in constructed wetlands, a new operation mode of two- stage inverse vertical subsurface-flow was put forward. The synthetic domestic wastewater was pretreated in an acidification reactor. In the first-stage wetland, when HLR is 4.8 to 9.5 cm/d and OLR is 10 to 27 gCOD/（m^2·d） , the average COD removal rate is about 70%. The total COD removal rate in the two- stage wetland is greater than 90%. NH4^＋ - N is mainly removed in the second-stage wetland. Under the condition of 1.32 to 2.32 gNH4^＋ - N/（m^2 ·d）, the removal rate of NH4^＋ - N is - 5.6% to 9.7% in the first-stage wetland. While under the condition of 0.93 to 1.6 gNH4^＋ - N/（ m^2 · d）, the removal rate of NH4^＋ - N is 94% to 100% in the second-stage wetland. The obvious nitrification and denitrification take place in the second-stage wetland. The nitrification and denitrification rates are 0. 93 to 1. 53 gNH4^＋ -N/（m^2 · d） and0.47 to 0.79 gNO3^- -N/（m^2 · d）, respectively. The TN removal rate is 38.2% to 57% in the two-stage wetland. The TP removal rate reaches above 97% under the TP loading of 0.07 to 0.16 g/（m^2 · d） in the first-stage wetland and 0.07 to 0.11 g/（m^2 · d） in the second-stage wetland.

关 键 词：人工湿地 污水处理 营养物去除 硝化 反硝化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]