荧光标记微卫星分析人工饲养中华绒螯蟹的遗传多样性  

Use of Fluorescently Labeled Microsatellites to Access Genetic Diversity of Cultured Chinese Mitten Crab,Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：朱泽远[1] 王亚菊[2] 施用晖[3] 乐国伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江苏无锡214122 [2]新加坡国立大学医学院生理系,新加坡117579 [3]江南大学食品学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第4期591-596,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

摘　　要：分析中华绒螯蟹的遗传多样性，采集来自无锡、苏州和上海人工养殖样品102个，运用毛细管电泳检测荧光标记（FAM或HEX）的10个中华绒螯蟹微卫星DNA位点。在所有的3个群体中，单一位点等位基因数从15～42个，平均值为22．9；多态信息含量（PIC）和有效等位基因数（E）分别高达0．826和7．699。结果表明10个位点均为高度多态位点，中华绒螯蟹人工养殖群体具有较高的遗传多样性。欧氏遗传距离、遗传相似性和群体各亚群体内固定系数（Fst）平均值分别为0．439，0．825和0．099，结果显示不同的人工养殖群体之间也存在较大的遗传多样性。除上海群体在同步突变模式（SMM）下，近期不会有瓶颈（P=0．35）；所有群体在SMM和无限等位基因模式（IAM）下均有显著或极显著的瓶颈（P〈0．01或0．05），结果说明科学的品种保护计划的迫切性。本研究首次选择遗传标记微卫星DNA评估中华绒螯蟹的遗传多样性，并采用高精度的毛细管电泳检测技术，将对中华绒螯蟹的品种保护和合理利国提倡科学依据。To access Chinese mitten crab＇s genetic diversity, 102 samples from Wuxi, SuZhou and Shanghai were amplified by ten fluorescently labeled （FAM or HEX） microsatellite primers and genotyped by capillary. electrophoresis. The average allele number was 22.9 per locus,with a range of 15-42 in all three populations. The polymorphism information content （PIC） and effective number of alleles （E） were 0. 826 and 7. 700, respectively. These suggested that all the 10 loci and the populations were highly polymorphic. The genetic distance （Nei, 1978）, genetic identity and Fst （the amount of inbreeding-like effects among subpopulations） were 0. 439, 0. 825 and 0. 099, Yespectively. The data implied that the populations had high genetic diversities. The bottleneck analysis demonstrated that, excluding Shanghai subpopulation under the Stepwise mutation model （SMM）, all subpopulations under both SMM and Infinite alleles model （IAM） had one recent bottleneck （P〈0.01 or 0.05）. The results showed that a scientific conservation program was necessary. The analysis of genetic diversity using microsatellite DNA could be useful in species conservation and selective breeding for Chinese mitten crab.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 毛细管电泳 遗传多样性 微卫星DNA 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]