长江口中华鲟自然保护区底栖动物  

Benthos in the Nature Reserve of Acipenser scnensis in Changjiang River estuary

作　　者：张凤英[1] 庄平[1] 徐兆礼[1] 王云龙[1] 朱江兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2007年第8期1244-1249,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(NSFC30490230WP4-003);农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室开放课题(开-1-04-12);科技部科技基础性工作和社会公益研究专项(2003DIB4J129);上海市财政农业专项资助项目

摘　　要：根据2004年5、8、11月和2005年2月在长江口中华鲟自然保护区附近水域(31°19.58′—31°38′N;121°32.08′—122°11.65′E)4个航次的海洋综合调查资料,分析了该水域底栖动物种类组成、数量变动和优势种时空分布以及与中华鲟幼鱼食性的关系。结果表明:调查区共有底栖动物48种,种类组成和优势种均有明显的季节更替,四季皆为优势种的仅纵肋织纹螺(Nassariusvariciferus)和狭颚绒螯蟹(Eriocheirleptognathus)2种;夏季总生物量在四季中最高,春季次之,冬季最低;夏季总栖息密度大于其它3个季节,冬季次之,春季和秋季基本一致;夏季是底栖动物总生物量和总栖息密度较高的时期,也是中华鲟幼鱼在长江口停留觅食时期。与2002年的研究结果进行比较表明,虽然底栖动物优势种组成在深水航道工程后基本稳定,但生物量和栖息密度均呈下降趋势,这直接威胁到保护区内中华鲟幼鱼的饵料基础状况。Based on the investigations in the water area （31°19.58′-31°38′N;121°32.08′-122°11.65′E） nearby the Natural Reserve of juvenile Acipenser scnensis in Changjiang River estuary in May, August and November 2004 and February 2005, this paper studied the species composition, quantity, and dominant species of benthos in the area, as well as their relations with the feeding habits of juvenile Acipenser scnensis. A total of 48 species of benthos were identified, and a distinct seasonal alternation was observed in the species composition and dominant species. Only the dominant species Nassarius variciferus and Eriocheir leptognathu appeared in four seasons. The total biomass was the highest in summer, the second in spring, and the lowest in winter. The total density was much higher in summer than in other three seasons, followed by in winter, spring and autumn. Summertime was the period with higher biomass and density of benthos, and also, the period of juvenile A. scnensis staying in the estuary for feeding. Compared with the investigations in 2002, though the present dominant species composition of benthos was basically stabilized, the biomass and density of benthic diets decreased obviously, which exceedingly threatened the diet of juvenile A. scnensis in this water area.

关 键 词：长江口 中华鲟幼鱼 底栖动物 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]