甲壳素/壳聚糖止血机理及应用  

The hemostatic mechanism and applications of chitin/chitosan

作　　者：马军阳[1] 陈亦平[1] 李俊杰[1] 柏金根[1] 姚康德[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学高分子材料研究所,天津300072

出　　处：《北京生物医学工程》2007年第4期442-445,共4页Beijing Biomedical Engineering

摘　　要：甲壳素通过蛋白质介导黏附血小板,形成的甲壳素/血小板复合物加速血纤维蛋白单体的聚合并共同形成凝块;另一方面,甲壳素诱导红细胞聚集,刺激血管收缩,最终形成血栓,封合伤口。壳聚糖的止血机理基本类似于甲壳素,但两者对红细胞的聚集程度和对补体的激活程度存在一定差异。甲壳素独特的三次结晶结构(包括α型和β型)赋予甲壳素优良的止血功能;壳聚糖的止血效果则与它的分子量、脱乙酰度、质子化程度和物理形式等有关。本文综述了甲壳素和壳聚糖的止血机理及应用情况。Plasma protein mediated the attachment of platelets to chitin, and the resulted chitin/platelet complex accelerated the polymerization of fibrin to form hemostatic clot. On the other hand, chitin induced the aggregation of red blood cells and stimulated vasoconstriction. The hemostatic mechanism of chitosan is similar to that of chitin＇ s, but there is some difference in the extent of platelet aggregation and complement activation between the two materials. Chitin＇ s unique tertiary structure is responsible for its hemostatic characteristics, and the hemostatic effect of chitosan is related to its molecular weight, degree of deacetylation, extent of protonization and physical form. Progress in the hemostatic mechanism and applications of chitin and chitosan ares reviewed in this paper.

关 键 词：甲壳素 壳聚糖 止血 机理 

分 类 号：R973.1[医药卫生—药品]