北京市不明原因肺炎病例监测及评价  

Evaluation and surveillance of pneumonia with unknown cause in Beijing

作　　者：王全意[1] 段玮[1] 高培[1] 彭晓旻[1] 王小梅[1] 梁慧洁[1] 吕敏[1] 董振英[1] 石伟先[1] 丁立新[1] 吴疆[1] 贺雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2007年第4期153-155,共3页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的通过分析评价北京市不明原因肺炎病例监测的情况,为做好人禽流感监测提出建议。方法对北京市2005～2006年报告的7例不明原因肺炎病例进行分析,计算从发病到入院、诊断、报告等时间间隔,并评价不明原因肺炎监测报告的准确性和及时性。结果2005～2006年北京市各级医院共计报告不明原因肺炎病例7例,报告时间集中在2005年11月～2006年4月间。所有病例最后诊断均排除人禽流感。7例不明原因肺炎病例从发病到首诊、从发病到入院、从发病到诊断等时间间隔均较长。其中从发病到首诊平均8d,而从入院到诊断平均要5d。在北京首诊的病例时间或曾到3家及以上医院就诊的病例时间间隔相对较长。所有病例报告及时,有3例病例在临床表现和(或)实验室检查结果中均有部分指标不符合诊断标准,准确性有待提高。结论应该加强人员培训,提高不明原因肺炎病例监测的准确性;不明原因肺炎病例从发病到诊断时间较长,难以及时发现禽流感疫情。Objective To analyze and evaluate the surveillance of pneumonia with unknown cause in Beijing to lay a foundation for the recommendations of surveillance of human infection with avian influenza. Methods Data of seven reported cases of pneumonia with unknown cause during 2005 to 2006 were analyzed, intervals between onset of symptoms and hospital admission, between admission and diagnosis and between diagnosis and notification were calculated, and accuracy and timeliness of notification were evaluated in terms of the requirements of surveillance protocol for pneumonia with unknown cause. Results Seven cases or pneumonia with unknown cause were notified from November 2005 to April 2006, and none of them was identified as human infection with avian influenza. Interval between onset of symptoms and hospital admission and that between admission and notification were relative long, with eight days and five days in average, respectively. These intervals were longer for patients who paid their first visit to the hospitals in Beijing, or they visited three or more hospitals than for their counterparts. All cases were notified in time. But, there were three cases who were not fully conformed to the diagnostic criteria in some clinical and laboratory indicators. Conclusion Accuracy of notification of pneumonia with unknown cause should be improved by carrying out more training activities for local health-care workers. Interval between onset of symptom and diagnosis is relatively long, thus it is difficult to identify human infection with avian influenza in time.

关 键 词：不明原因肺炎 症状监测 禽流感 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]