1950-2006年成都市狂犬病流行特征与防治对策  

Epidemiological characteristics and preventive strategies of rabies from 1950 to 2006 in Chengdu

作　　者：马林[1] 吴德彬[1] 胡强[1] 林寰[1] 奚川[1] 刘万凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都市疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《疾病监测》2007年第7期468-470,共3页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的分析成都市狂犬病流行特征和趋势,探讨疫情回升原因,提出防治措施建议。方法收集成都市1950-2006年狂犬病疫情报告资料和2005-2006年病例个案调查表进行描述性流行病学分析。结果成都市狂犬病曾于20世纪80年代经历流行高峰,以后1992-2004年长达13年无本地病例报告,2005年以来疫情重现并快速回升。全市90%的行政辖区有病例报告,但辖区东部的5、6个郊区县多发(78.17%),农村居民为主要发病人群,夏秋季相对多发,农村地区犬只是主要传染源,100%病例暴露后未接受规范处置。结论农村地区犬只动物疫情流行和暴露后处置不规范导致人间疫情回升,疫情可能会持续一定时间,因此,要建立防治工作的长效管理机制,落实狂犬病综合防治措施。Objective The present study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and prevalence trend of human rabies in Chengdu, and to probe into the cause of the re-ascending epidemic trend and finally put forward preventive strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis were conducted on the basis of reports of the epidemic situation of rabies from 1950 to 2006 and individual case investigations from 2005 to 2006. Results A prevailing peak of the incidence of rabies appeared in 1980s in Chengdu. However, no local case was ever reported in the following 13 years from 1992 to 2004. In 2005, the epidemic returned and the incidence had ascended rapidly since then. Rabies cases were reported in 90% of the administrative areas in Chengdu, more frequently in 5 to 6 suburban districts of the east area （78.17%）. Rural residents were mainly affected, while the incidence rate was relatively higher in summer and autumn. Dogs in rural area were the major infective source. However, none of the rabies cases had received any standard treatment after exposure. Conclusion The epidemic of rabies among dogs in rural area and the non-standard post-exposure treatment led to the re-ascending trend of human rabies, which might last for a period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a long-term management mechanism and put all the comprehensive preventive measures into effect.

关 键 词：狂犬病 流行特征 防治对策 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学]