需求替代下易逝品价格和订购量的联合决策  

Joint decision on pricing and order quantity for perishable products with substitutable demand

作　　者：李君灵[1] 周晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学工程管理学院,南京210093

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第4期737-742,共6页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70371019)

摘　　要：针对有固定生命周期的易逝品新老系列,假设新产品价格和老产品库存量既定,考虑了需求替代下老产品价格和新产品订货量的联合决策问题.通过建立与产品价格线性相关的随机需求模型,引入无风险库存水平,使用迭代算法,分别给出了仅存在价格驱动以及价格驱动和库存驱动共存的需求替代下新产品的最优订购量和老产品的最优价格.其中,2种需求替代下老产品的最优价格相等,且与老产品的期望缺货量相关;而新产品的最优订货量与老产品的价格相关.通过数值实验,分析了在价格驱动和库存驱动并存的需求替代下,商家因忽视库存驱动的需求替代而损失的利润;并讨论了此时的最优策略和最优利润随各参数的变化情况.For two generations of perishable products with fixed life time, assuming that the price of the newer product and the inventory level of the older one are given, the decision of how to simultaneously determine optimal prices for the older product and order quantities for the newer product with substitutable demand is considered. By introducing riskless inventory level and using the iterative algorithm, the best order quantity police of the newer one and the optimal price of the older one with two types of substitutable demand （price-driven only, and price-driven together with inventory-driven） are derived. Therein the demand for one product or the other is affected by the price levels of both product. The optimal price of the older one is dependent on the expected lost of the older product, and the optimal order quantity of the newer one is dependent on the optimal price of the older product. The numerical experiments are used to analyze the lost profit because of ignoring the inventory-driven substitutable demand when price-driven and inventory-driven are coexistent. The effect of system parameters on the optimal policies and the optimal expected profit with substitutable demand are also discussed.

关 键 词：易逝性产品 需求替代 定价 订购量 联合决策 

分 类 号：F224.3[经济管理—国民经济] F253.4