锌基碳纳米管复合材料的界面特性及增强机理  

Interfacial characteristic and reinforcement mechanism of the carbon nanotube/zinc composite

作　　者：吴惠箐[1] 丁桂甫[1] 王裕超[1] 汪红[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学微纳科学技术研究院微米/纳米加工技术国家重点实验室薄膜与微细技术教育部重点实验室,上海200030

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2007年第4期88-94,共7页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家863计划(2006AA04Z308);上海市科委纳米专项基金(05nm05004;0652nm029);上海市自然科学基金(05ZR14076)

摘　　要：通过复合电沉积技术制备了锌基碳纳米管复合薄膜。其中,碳纳米管表面的锌沉积层平滑连续,无明显界面缺陷,与其它金属基碳纳米管复合材料相比,这种独特的界面形貌是值得注意的。在对材料变形区的观察中发现,在薄膜变形的过程中,适中的结合强度将允许碳纳米管与基体发生界面脱黏,碳纳米管被拔出基体后桥联在裂纹中。虽然界面结合受到损伤,但是仍然可以有效地传递应力。当裂纹继续扩展,碳纳米管石墨片层开裂,直至完全断裂。同时,这些桥连在裂纹中的碳纳米管趋向于向垂直于裂纹的方向滑移,它们在基体中移动时会对基体造成一定程度的损伤。这些过程都将消耗大量的破断能,从而起到对基体的增强效果。锌基碳纳米管复合薄膜的平均硬度由HV178.3上升至HV493.5。The carbon nanotube （CNT）/zinc composite film was prepared by the composite electrodeposition. It is remarkable that the zinc deposit on the surface of CNTs is very smooth and continuous, and no apparent interfacial defect is observed. In contrast to the currently known CNT/metal composites, such distinguished interfacial feature is rare. The SEM observation illustrates that, while the films deform, the optimum interface coupling permits debonding and sliding of the CNTs within the matrix. CNTs are pulled out of the matrix in the wake and stretched between crack faces. Although the debonding and sliding of CNTs in the matrix would weaken the interfacial cohesion, the residual sliding friction at the interface still contributes to the load transfer. When the crack grew wider, CNTs begin to deform and fracture completely. Moreover, the bridging nanotubes tend to align perpendicular to the crack direction, and these high strength tubes shear the matrix while they shift inside the composite. All these behaviors consume energy and contribute to the reinforcement. The average Vickers hardness of the CNT/zinc coating increased progressively from HV178.3 to HV493.5.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 纤维增强金属基复合材料 界面特性 增强机制 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG113.25[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]