氮胁迫下高效玉米基因型的筛选研究  

Study on Screening Maize Genotypes with High N Efficiency under N Stress

作　　者：张俊英[1] 许永利[1] 赵同科[2] 李富平[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北理工大学资源与环境学院,河北唐山063009 [2]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100089

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2007年第22期6713-6715,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(300311)资助

摘　　要：[目的]为了研究玉米杂交种在氮胁迫下的生长反应,为玉米氮高效基因型的筛选提供一些参考。[方法]以玉米苗期地上部植株干重的相对量(W-N/W+N)作为筛选氮素效率的标准,相对干重大于0.50的玉米基因型称为氮高效基因型,相对干重小于0.10的玉米基因型称为低效基因型。通过水培法研究不同玉米基因型对氮素胁迫的适应性差异。[结果]氮高效玉米基因型、氮低效玉米基因型在-N和+N处理下的平均株高、根冠比分别为68.4 cm和83.4 cm4、8.6 cm和88.5 cm,0.471、0.847和0.256、0.214。在氮磷钾正常供应条件下,氮高效玉米基因型比低效玉米基因型的产量降低14.69%;在氮素缺乏条件下,氮高效玉米基因型比低效玉米基因型的产量提高2.26%;在缺氮条件下,高效玉米基因型比氮磷钾正常供应时增产7.55%,而低效玉米基因型比氮磷钾正常供应时减产10.28%。[结论]苗期生物量可以作为高效玉米基因型筛选的指标之一。[ Objective] The aim was to study the growth reaction of maize hybrid under N stress and supply some references for screening maize genotypes with high N efficiency. [Method] With the relative amount （W_N/W＋N）of plant dry weight of ground part in maize seedling stage as standard for screening N efficiency, the maize genotype with relative dry weight over 0.50 was named as high N efficiency genotype, while that lower 0.10 was named as low N efficiency genotype. The adaptability difference of different maize genotypes to N stress was studied by water culture method. [ Result] The average plant height and root-shoot ratio of maize genotypes with high N efficiency and low N efficiency were 68.4 and 83.4 cm; 48.6 and 88.5 cm; 0.471 and 0.847, 0.256 and 0.214 resp. in - N and ＋ N treatments. Under the condition of supplying N, P and K usually, the yield of maize genotypes with high N efficiency decreased by 14.69% comparing with maize genotypes of low N efficiency. Under the condition of lacking N, the yield increased by 2.26%. Under the condition of lacking N, the yield of maize genotypes with high N efficiency increased by 7.55% comparing with that under the condition of supplying N, P and K usually, but that of maize genotypes with low N efficiency decreased by 10.28%. [ Conclusion] The biomass in seedling stage could be one of the indexes in screening maize genotypes with high N efficiency.

关 键 词：玉米 基因型 生长 氮效率 

分 类 号：S513.032[农业科学—作物学]