恶臭假单胞菌生物滴滤塔净化甲苯废气的研究  

Removal of Toluene Waste Gas by Pseudomonas putida with a Bio-trickling Filter

作　　者：张书景[1] 李坚[1] 李依丽[1] 金毓峑[1] 孙莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100022

出　　处：《环境科学》2007年第8期1866-1872,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(8052004);北京工业大学青年基金项目(97005013200402)

摘　　要：在接近于工业化应用的非稳态条件下，采用恶臭假单胞菌为菌源接种生物滴滤塔，处理含甲苯废气．研究了滤塔的挂膜启动情况与稳定运行阶段抗负荷变化能力，并对滤塔内生物膜微观结构进行了观察分析．在停留时间为548和43．28，进气甲苯浓度为544-1044mg·m^-3，环境温度为17-26℃的操作条件下，滤塔气体出口检测不到甲苯，最大体积去除负荷为105．35g·（m^3·h）^-1．结果表明，在非稳定条件下，以未经甲苯驯化筛选的恶臭假单胞菌作为菌源降解甲苯废气是可行的；稳定运行阶段滤塔具有较强的抗负荷变化能力，进气浓度与停留时间的变化不会引起处理性能的下降；通过控制营养液添加间隔可以较好地控制生物膜的快速增长；滤塔内微生物菌落发生了变化，大量微孔结构的存在证明了微孔的吸附是生物膜降解甲苯的重要前提．In transient conditions close to the industrialized application situation, the removal of toluene was investigated with a lab-scale blotrickling filter inoculated with pure bacterial culture （ Pseudomonas putida ）. The start-up process and the ability of resisting different toluene loading in the steady state on the performance of the bio-trickling filter were studied. The microstructure of biofilm in the filter was also observed. With inlet concentration range from 544 to 1 044 mg·m^-3 at the temperature ranging from 17 to 26~C, the removal efficiency of toluene was almost 100% at the residence time of 54 s and 43.2 s. The maximum volumetric removal loading of 105.35 g· （m^3· h）^- 1 was achieved. The results indicate that it was feasible to remove toluene by Pseudomonas putida which had not be acclimated by toluene. In the steady state, the bio-trickling filter had a high flexibility for the load change and the removal efficiency of the reactor was not influenced by the variance of residence time and inlet concentration. The rapid increase of biofilm can be controlled by adjusting the interval of nutrition liquid accession. There were some changes in bacterial community, and lots of micro-pore existed in the biofilm. It was proved that the absorption of the biofilm was an important precondition for the biodegradation of toluene.

关 键 词：生物滴滤塔 恶臭假单胞菌 甲苯 生物膜 吸附 

分 类 号：X701.7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]