生活事件、社会支持、个性因素及产前心理状态对产后抑郁症的影响  

The Influences Caused by Life Events,Social Support,Personality Agent and Antepartum Mental Stale on the Post Partum Depression

作　　者：张红梅[1] 徐英[2] 李一云 吴爱勤[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省苏州高新区疾病预防控制中心,江苏苏州215011 [2]苏州大学附属第一人民医院精神医学教研室,江苏苏州215006 [3]镇江第四人民医院精神卫生中心,江苏镇江212001

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2007年第4期321-325,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：江苏省镇江市社会发展项目资助(FZ2004107)

摘　　要：目的探讨心理社会因素对产后抑郁的影响,为干预产后抑郁的发生提供理论支持。方法采用围产期孕妇一般情况调查表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)、生活事件量表、A型行为问卷、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、特质焦虑量表、状态焦虑量表对45名产后抑郁妇女、84名正常产妇进行分析。结果产后抑郁组受教育年限[(9.8±3.0)a]低于正常组[(11.6±3.5)a],差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);产后抑郁组社会支持总分、客观支持分、主观支持分及社会利用度均低于正常组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后抑郁组负性生活事件分、神经质分、时间紧迫感分、竞争与敌意分均高于正常组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);产前SCL-90抑郁分[产后抑郁组(19.02±3.66),正常组(16.25±3.39)]、焦虑分[产后抑郁组(14.24±3.53),正常组(12.51±2.50)]、强迫分[产后抑郁组(15.09±3.15),正常组(13.08±2.64)]等分值产后抑郁组均高于正常组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);EPDS总分与产妇受教育年限、SSRS总分、主观支持分、社会支持利用度呈负相关(P<0.05),与EPQ神经质原始分呈正相关(P<0.01);神经质与社会支持、利用度呈负相关,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论产后抑郁产前心理已经发生变化,低社会支持、高生活事件及神经质等不良个性因素影响产后抑郁的发生,应加强产前心理社会因素干预。Objective To explore the influence of psychosocial factor on post partum depression ,to offer the theoretical support for intervention on the occurrence of post partum depression. Methods 45 women with the post partum depression as the case group and 84 health women as the control were investigated by using the gravida general situation questionnaire, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS）, life event scale （LES）, Type A Behavior pattern questionnaire （TABQ）, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）, Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）, symptom check list-90 （SCL-90）, Trait Anxiety Inventory （T-AI） and State Anxiety Inventory （S-AI）. Results The education time of the case group was fewer than those of the control （9.8±3.0 vs 11.6±3.5 yrs, P〈0.01 ）, so were the score of the total social support rating scale （39.73±3.88 vs 42.21±4.14）, objective support （9.91±2.99 vs 10.92±1.93）, subjective support （21.91±3.17 vs 22.99±2.75） and social utilization degree （7.80±1.53 vs 8.43±1.59）（all P〈0.05）; The score of negative life events was higher in the case group than in the control （13.71±10.25 vs 7.95±7.95）, and so were the score of nervousness （45.33±11.20 vs 38.57±9.00）, TH （11.98±3.56 vs 9.83±3.58）, CH （12.58±3.44 vs 10.54±3.19） （all P〈0.01）; The antepartum Scl-90 scores of depression （19.02±3.66 vs 16.25±3.39）, anxiety （14.24±3.53 vs 12.51±_2.50）, compulsive somatization （15.09±3.15 vs 13.08±2.64） was significantly higher in case group than in the control （P〈0.01）; Pearson relation analysis showed that the total score of EPDS was negatively correlated with the education time, the score of the total social support rating scale, subjective support and social utilization degree （P〈0.05）, but was positively correlated with the score of nervousness （P〈0.01）. And the score of nervousness was negatively related to the score of the total social support rating scale and social utilizatio

关 键 词：产后抑郁症 爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS) 社会支持 生活事件 个性因素 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]