人为干扰对两种鸻形目鸟类觅食行为的影响  

Effects of Human Disturbance on Two Species of Charadriiformes

作　　者：杨月伟[1] 张伟[1] 王军[2] 梁孝东 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,273165 [2]济宁学院,曲阜市273165 [3]博山一中,山东省淄博市255200

出　　处：《曲阜师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第3期113-115,共3页Journal of Qufu Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(2006BS08015)

摘　　要：2006年3月至6月,通过野外观察和人为干扰实验,研究了人为干扰对分布于曲阜市大沂河流域的两种鸻形目鸟类金斑鸻(Pluvialis dominica)和青脚鹬(Calidris temminckii)觅食行为的影响.结果表明,金斑鸻的觅食频率显著低于青脚鹬的觅食频率,金斑鸻和青脚鹬的觅食频率均随干扰程度的增加而下降.金斑鸻的觅食时间高于青脚鹬,但金斑鸻和青脚鹬的觅食时间仅在3级干扰水平以上具有显著差异.金斑鸻和青脚鹬在一人行干扰条件下的惊飞距离均显著小于其在二人行干扰条件下的惊飞距离.这说明,两种鸟类对人数较多的干扰类型更为敏感.在一人行干扰条件下和二人行干扰条件下,金斑鸻的惊飞距离均显著小于青脚鹬的惊飞距离.这说明青脚鹬对人为干扰的反应比金斑鸻更为敏感,这可能与二者的觅食策略不同有关.From March to June 2006, we studied the effects of human disturbance on activity of the Pluvialis dominica and the Calidris temminckii were conducted using methods of focal-animal sampling and human disturbance experiment on the Dayi River in Qufu. The results showed that foraging frequency of Pluvialis dominica was lower than that of Calidris temminckii significantly. Foraging frequency of Pluvialis dominica and Calidris temminckii both decreased with the increasing of disturbance extent. Forging time of Pluvialis dominica was more than that of Calidris temminckii, but there was only significant difference above third level. Flushing distances of both Pluvialis dorninica and Calidris temminckii under the condition of one person walking were less than those under the condition of two persons walking, which indicated that two species of bird were susceptive on the disturbance type including more persons. Flushing distances of Pluvialis dominica were less than those of Calidris temminckii under the condition of both one person walking and two persons walking, which indicated that Calidris temminckii was susceptive on human disturbance than Pluvialis dominica, this was probably related with different foraging strategies of two species of birds.

关 键 词：金斑鸻 青脚鹬 觅食行为 人为干扰 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]