工业废水和城市综合污水的环境风险管理  

Environmental risk management of industrial effluents and municipal sewage

作　　者：陈建[1] 韩小波[2] 丁登山[1] 金洪钧[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学城市与资源学系,江苏南京210093 [2]华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海200237 [3]南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《水科学进展》2007年第4期614-622,共9页Advances in Water Science

摘　　要：综述了国内外工业废水与城市综合废水的监控和环境风险管理进展。与发达国家比较,化学监测法是目前我国工业废水和城市综合污水监控的唯一手段,而且主要有赖于COD等极少参数,并不能有效监控复合有毒有机污染物的排放。采用生态毒性检测法,可弥补这一缺陷,满足环境风险管理要求。毒性鉴别评价鉴别出导致废水/污水生态毒性的关键有机毒物,是降低其环境风险的核心。还对生态毒性检测法应用于我国废水/污水排放的监控和环境风险管理前景做了评述。The advances in control and environmental risk management of industrial effluents and municipal sewage in developed countries and China are reviewed in the paper. Compared with the developed countries, the chemical monitoring is now the only tool used in China for the control of discharges which mainly relies on a few parameters such as COD, and this approach is unable to regulate the discharges with complex mixtures of toxic organics. Ecotoxicity assay can be used for the same time to supply the gap to control the release of toxic organics effectively based on the requirements of environmental risk management. Toxicity identification evaluation for identifying the key toxicants causing the ecotoxicity are a core of reducing the environmental risk of discharges. The discussion and prospects are also described for the application of ecotoxicity assay to the control and environmental risk management of discharges in China.

关 键 词：水环境 工业废水 城市综合污水 生态毒性检测 环境风险管理 毒性鉴别评价 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学] G353.11[文化科学—情报学]