无核葡萄胚挽救影响因素的研究  

Study on Factors Affecting Embryo Rescue of Seedless Grape

作　　者：程琳琳[1] 王跃进[1] 石艳[1] 张剑侠[1] 唐冬梅[1] 张宗勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2007年第7期1317-1322,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家技术研究发展计划项目(2001AA241172);国家自然科学基金项目(30571280)

摘　　要：分别以‘底莱特’和‘大粒红无核’自交、‘红宝石无核’ב新郁’和‘爱莫无核’ב黑奥林’胚珠为材料进行无核葡萄胚挽救影响因素的研究。结果显示:(1)‘底莱特’自交和‘红宝石无核’ב新郁’胚珠剥胚后萌发率分别为11.4%和10.0%,高于横切胚珠情况下的萌发率(5.5%、0.6%);(2)用Nitsch培养基培养的‘大粒红无核’自交和‘爱莫无核’ב黑奥林’胚珠的胚萌发率分别为9.5%和5.6%,胚状体诱导率分别为6.3%和3.9%,明显高于ER培养基的萌发率。结果表明:剥胚有利于无核葡萄胚的萌发;Nitsch比ER培养基更有利于胚萌发和胚状体诱导;同时,由于杂交亲本染色体倍性的差异导致胚萌发率不同,表现为:二倍体无核自交>二倍体无核×二倍体有核>二倍体无核×四倍体有核。Study on factors about embryo rescue of seedless grapes with ovules of‘ Delight ’ self-pollination, ‘ Dalihong seedless ＇ self-pollination, ‘ Ruby seedless ＇ב Xinyu ’ and ‘ Emerald seedless ’ × ‘＇Black olimpia ’ The results showed that, （1） germination percentage of‘ Delight ’ self-pollination and ‘ Ruby seedless ’ × ‘ Xinyu ’ovules with dissected treatment was 11.4 % and 10.0 %, respectively, which was higher than that with cutting transversely treatment （5.5% and 0.6% ,respectively） ;（2）Germination percentages of ‘Dalihong seedless ’ self-pollination and‘ Ruby seedless ’ × ‘ Xinyu ’ embryos were 9.5 %, 5.6 %, respectively, and embryogenesis percentage of their embryoids were 6.3% and 3.9%,respectively after cultured on Nitsch medium,which were higher than that on ER medium,The results showed that it is easy for embyos of seedless grapes to germinate with dissected treatment. It is easier for embryos of seedless grapes to germinate and form embryogenesis with Nitsch medium than with ER medium. Percentages of embryo germination were discrepant because of different parental ploidyies,the order is seedless diploid sele -pollination〉 seed less diploid × seeded diploid〉seedless diploid × seeded tetraploid grapes.

关 键 词：无核葡萄 胚挽救 胚珠 胚状体发生 染色体倍性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]