纤维素氨基甲酸酯的合成及表征  

Synthesis and characterization of cellulose carbamate

作　　者：程博闻[1] 任元林[1] 汪渊龙[2] 丁长坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学改性与功能纤维天津市重点实验室,天津300160 [2]上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海200240

出　　处：《纺织学报》2007年第8期1-4,11,共5页Journal of Textile Research

摘　　要：系统地研究了纤维素氨基甲酸酯的合成方法、原料聚合度、合成温度及其时间、载体及其用量、尿素用量等对产物含氮量的影响.结果表明：载体的加入可提高反应试剂的可及度;纤维素浆粕的聚合度在320～390时反应性能较好;反应体系呈碱性时,有利于酯化反应的进行;产物含氮量随尿素用量的增大及预处理时间的延长而增加.最终确定最佳合成工艺条件为尿素用量40%,预处理2 h,酯化反应温度150℃,酯化反应时间3 h.产物的FT-IR谱图证实了酰胺键的存在.X-射线衍射表明产物的晶型与活化后纤维素的晶型类似,结晶度变化不大.The effect of synthetic method of cellulose carbamate, degree of polymerization ot raw matenals, synthesis temperature and time, the kind of carrier and its dosage, concentration of urea on nitrogen content of cellulose carbamate were discussed systemically. The results show that the accessibility of the reactant can be increased with carriers added. It is better for the reaction with the degree of polymerization ranging from 320 to 390. The esterification carries on easily when the pH value of the reactive system is over 7. The nitrogen content of the cellulose carbamate increases with the urea concentration increasing and the pre-treatment time protracting, and the optimal synthesis condition is finally determined, that is, the urea concentration is 40 %, pre-treatment time is 2 hours and the temperature and time of esterification is 150 ℃ and 3 hours respectively. IR spectrum study indicates the presence of acylamide bond in the cellulose carbamate and X-ray diffraction shows that the type of crystal of the cellulose carbamate is similar with that of cellulose after being activated and the degree of crystallization changes little.

关 键 词：纤维素 尿素 纤维素氨基甲酸酯 合成 

分 类 号：TQ352.79[化学工程]