急斜特厚煤层开采地表沉陷特征立体实验研究  

Study on characters of surface subsidence in mining steep and thick seams by means of solid experiment

作　　者：邵小平[1] 石平五[1] 赵国梁[1] 王贵荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学能源学院,西安710054

出　　处：《岩土力学》2007年第8期1577-1580,1586,共5页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.50274058);2005年高等学校博士点专项基金资助项目(No.20040704002)

摘　　要：借助急斜煤层大型立体模拟试验架,对急斜煤层水平分段放顶煤开采地表变形破坏特征进行了开采的立体模拟试验研究。研究发现,急斜煤层开采后形成的沉陷不同于缓斜煤层,其沉陷最初由在地表生成的孔洞发展为孔洞间的贯通,形成塌陷坑。塌陷坑靠顶板侧岩体的垮落程度明显大于靠底板侧岩体的垮落程度,而且沉陷随着分段工作面的向下延伸表现为反复多次沉陷,塌陷坑内垮落体表现为由底板侧朝顶板侧的台阶式下降分布,最终形成深槽型塌陷坑。Characters of surface subsidence have been researched by means of large solid experiment frame in mining horizontal section top coal caving in steep seams. It is discovered that the subsidence of steep seams is different from subsidence of gently inclined seams. The holes which appear initially will be transfixed and form surface collapse pit in process of mining steep seams. Collapse degree of rocks near roof is larger than rocks near bottom. The surface subsidence has repeating characters; and collapse rock is a declined step distribution as mining inferior sections. Collapse pit with deep groove will be formed at last.

关 键 词：水平分段放顶煤 离层裂隙 孔间贯通 台阶下降分布 深槽型塌陷坑 

分 类 号：P544.4[天文地球—构造地质学]