缺陷型及非缺陷型精神分裂症患者执行功能障碍的比较研究  

Executive Function and Cognitive Subprocesses in Deficit and Nondeficit Schizophrenia-An Analysis of N-Back Performance

作　　者：王湘[1] 姚树桥[1] 刘鼎[1] 陈斌[1] 王晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理研究中心,湖南长沙410011

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2007年第4期352-355,348,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：中南大学理科发展基金(07SDF03)的资助

摘　　要：目的:比较缺陷型/非缺陷型精神分裂症患者在不同工作记忆负荷水平下执行功能障碍的行为表现及相应认知机制。方法:缺陷型、非缺陷型精神分裂症患者及正常对照组各20例,执行参量设计的倒数n项实验(n=0,1,2,3),电脑记录反应时及反应正确率。结果:自1-back任务起,缺陷组的反应正确率显著低于正常组,反应时显著长于正常组;而非缺陷组仅在2-back任务中正确率显著低于正常组,反应时在1-back任务中显著长于正常组正确率;2-back任务中与正常组无显著差异。两患者组比较表明,缺陷组的反应正确率只在1-back任务中显著低于非缺陷组,而反应时在1-back,2-back任务中均显著长于非缺陷组。结论:非缺陷型精神分裂症患者存在以工作记忆系统容量下降为基础的工作记忆系统整体输出效率下降,而缺陷型精神分裂症的执行功能障碍可能有生物学意义上的特异性损伤为其基础,今后还需进行深入的神经解剖学及功能影像学研究。Objective： To investigate changes in the cognitive architecture of N-back performance in deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia under parametric increasing WM load. Methods： 20 deficit schizophrenic patients, 20 nondeficit patients and matched healthy comparison subjects were studied in a parametric N-back task （n=0, 1,2,3）. Results： The deficit schizophrenia were significantly different from the nondeficit patients and healthy subjects in the response accuracy of 1-back and 2-back test, while the nondeficit schizophrenia were different from healthy subjects only in the 2-back test. Furthermore, deficit patients showed significant lengthening in reaction time longer than nondeficit patients. Conclusion： Although N-back tasks validly access executive dysfunction as a neurocognitive trait in schizophrenia, there may be dif- ferent underlying neural mechanism which caused more serious impairment in the N-back performance in deficit schizophrenia. It is necessary to make further study of neuro-anatomy and functional image.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 缺陷型 非缺陷型 执行功能 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]