金属单质对锌电极电化学行为的影响  

The effects of metals on electrochemical behavior of Zn electrode

作　　者：石建珍[1] 高翠琴[1] 朱纪凌 周运鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学化学系

出　　处：《电源技术》1997年第1期3-7,39,共6页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：为了寻找碱性溶液中锌电极的代汞缓蚀剂，应用腐蚀实验、极化曲线及循环伏安等方法，研究了Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｉｎ、Ｈｇ和Ｂｉ等金属对锌电极电化学行为的影响。考虑到各种添加剂对锌电极电化学行为的影响主要是在电极与溶液之间的界面上，采用置换反应的方法将所研究的金属添加到锌电极表面。此方法既简单，又能使添加物均匀分布在锌的表面上，有效地影响锌电极的表面性质。实验结果表明：分别将Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｉｎ、Ｈｇ加到锌粉表面能增加锌电极氢的超电势，在腐蚀实验中明显地降低了氢气的析出量，但从阳极极化曲线可以看到这些金属均阻化锌的阳极氧化；Ｂｉ的加入则表现出相反的性质，它降低了氢在锌电极上的析出超电势，故而使含Ｂｉ的锌粉在腐蚀实验中析氢量增加。The effects of various metals on hydrogen overpotential, polorization, passivation potential and cyclic voltammograms of zinc electrodes were studied by corrosion experiments, polarization curves, and cyclic voltammetry. The metals of Pb, Bi,Cd,In and Hg were added on the surface of zinc by displacement reaction in metal salts solution, respectively. It was simple and effective that the metals were uniformly distributed on the surface of zinc for improving the properties of the interface between zinc and electrolyte. Pb,Cd,In,Hg could increase the hydrogen overpotential on the surface of zinc and also inhibit anodic reaction of zinc.Whereas Bi decreased the hydrogen overpotential and improved anodic reaction of zinc.

关 键 词：锌电极 缓蚀剂 氢过电位 电池 

分 类 号：TM241[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]