无创通气治疗对慢性阻塞性肺病合并睡眠呼吸暂停患者呼吸中枢反应性的影响  被引量:15

Effect of noninvasive ventilation on chemoresponsiveness in patients with sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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作  者:王慧玲[1] 何忠明[2] 李静[3] 董霄松[3] 吕云辉[4] 韩旭[3] 魏翠英[3] 安培[3] 王丽[3] 李国翔[1] 何权瀛[3] 韩芳[3] 

机构地区:[1]邯郸市中心医院呼吸科 [2]新疆克拉玛依市中心医院呼吸科 [3]北京大学人民医院呼吸科,100044 [4]云南省人民医院呼吸科

出  处:《中华医学杂志》2007年第31期2193-2197,共5页National Medical Journal of China

基  金:国家自然科学基金(30300120)

摘  要:目的了解无创通气治疗对慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)合并睡眠呼吸暂停(重叠综合征)患者呼吸中枢反应性的变化。方法选择10例经多导生理记录仪睡眠呼吸监测确诊的睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(SAHS)患者,其中5例合并 COPD,平均 FEV_1/FVC 为59%±6%,另5例为伴 CO_2潴留的 SAHS 患者,FEV_1/FVC 正常。两组患者的年龄、体重指数(BMI)及睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)匹配。分别测定10例患者在治疗前及长期家庭应用 BiPAP 治疗6周后呼吸中枢低氧反应性(ΔVE/ΔSaO_2)及高 CO_2反应性(ΔVE/ΔPaCO_2)。结果重叠综合征(OS)及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)患者治疗前的呼吸中枢低氧反应性分别为(-0.023±0.049)L·min^(-1)·%^(-1)及(-0.16±0.06)L·min^(-1)·%^(-1),均低于实验室正常值(-0.35±0.21)L·min^(-1)·%^(-1)。OS 及 OSA 患者的高CO_2反应性分别为(0.54±0.16)L·min^(-1)·mm Hg^(-1)及(1.3±0.62)L·min^(-1)·mm Hg^(-1),前者显著低于实验室正常值(1.26±0.54)L·min^(-1)·min Hg^(-1),后者尚在正常范围内。应用 BiPAP 呼吸机家庭治疗6周后,OSA 患者的低氧[(-0.16±0.06)L·min^(-1)·%^(-1)vs(-0.36±0.14)L·min^(-1)·%^(-1)]及高 CO_2反应性[(1.3±0.62)L·min^(-1)·mm Hg^(-1)vs(1.78±0.93)L·min^(-1)·mm Hg^(-1)]均显著升高,达到正常水平。OS 患者的低氧反应性升高[(-0.023±0.049)L·min^(-1)·%^(-1)vs(-0.09±0.007)L·min^(-1)·%^(-1)],但仍显著低于正常水平;高 CO_2反应性[(0.54±0.16)L·min^(-1)·mm Hg^(-1)vs(0.51±0.23)L·min^(-1)·mm Hg^(-1)]则无显著变化。结论重叠综合征患者呼吸中枢对低氧及高 CO_2刺激的反应性降低。经正压通气治疗去除睡眠呼吸紊乱后,难以在短期内恢复至正常水平,与单纯 SAHS 患者的改变不同,这种异常改变可能受遗传因素的影响。Objective To investigate the effect of noninvasive ventilation on respiratory control in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combined with sleep a apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS)-overlap syndrome (OS). Methods Ten body mass index, apnea-hypopnea index, and age-matched OSAHS patients, 5 being hypercapnic ( PaGO2 〉 45 mm Hg) OSAHS patients with normal FEV1/FVC, and 5 being OSAHS patients with COPD and the mean FEV~/FVC of 59% ±6% underwent bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) treatment. Hypoxic responses, including the ratio of the change in minute ventilation (AVE) to the change in arterial oxygen saturation (ASaO2 ), and hypercapnic responses (AVE/APaCO2 ratio ) were tested during wakefulness before treatment and 6 weeks after the treatment. Results Before treatment, the AVE/ASaO2 ratios of the OS and OSAHS patients were (-0.023±0.049) L· min^-1· %^-1 and ( -0. 16 ±0.06) L· min^-1· %^-1 respectively, both lower than the laboratory normal value [ ( -0. 35 ±0. 21 ) L · min ^-1 · %^ -1 ]. The AVE/APaCO2 ratio of the OSpatients was (0. 54 ±0. 16) L · mm Hg^-1 , significantly lower than the normal value [ ( 1.26 ±0. 54) L· mm ·Hg ^- l, p 〈 0. 05 ]. After receiving 6 weeks of noninvasive ventilation treatment, the hypoxic response of OSAHS patients were ( -0. 16 ±0. 06) L· min^-1 · % ^-1 , significantly higher than that before treatment [(-0.36±0.14) L · min^-1 · %^-1], and hypercapnic response of the OSAHS patients was (1.30± 0. 62) L · min^-1 · mm Hg^-1 , significantly lower than that before treatment [ ( 1.78 ±0. 93) L ·min^-1· mm Hg^-1 ] , both bring within the normal ranges. In the patients with OS, the hypercapnic response was unchanged [(0.54 ±0.16) vs (0.51 ±0.23) L · min^-1 · mm Hg^-1], and the hypoxic responses increased significantly but still remained at a very low level [ ( - 0. 023± 0. 049 ) vs ( - 0. 09± 0. 007 ) L·min^-1· min^-12 %^-1] after treatment. Conc

关 键 词:睡眠呼吸暂停 阻塞性 肺疾病 阻塞性 重叠综合征 呼吸调节 

分 类 号:R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R766[医药卫生—内科学]

 

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