用菲涅耳衍射理论分析双光栅成像效应  

Bi-Grating Imaging Analysis by Fresnel Diffraction Theory

作　　者：何小荣[1] 张卫平[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学物理科学与工程技术学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《光学学报》2007年第8期1371-1376,共6页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(10364001)资助课题

摘　　要：从理论上对双光栅成像效应现象进行研究,分别从菲涅耳衍射理论和平面透射光栅的菲涅耳衍射公式出发,分析了物光波经过两个平行放置的平面透射光栅组成的系统衍射后的复振幅分布。分析结果表明,在理想状态下,当两个光栅的放置位置满足一定条件时,在第二个光栅后面可以观察到一个清晰的原物体图像。理论分析解释了两个光栅在双光栅成像效应中的作用,得到了双光栅成像效应发生时,两个光栅的空间频率、衍射光级数以及光栅放置位置之间的关系式,这与实验所得结果相一致。The phenomenon of bi-grating imaging is theoretically studied with Fresnel diffraction theory and Fresnel diffraction formula of plane transmission grating, respectively. The distribution of complex amplitudes of the object waves after passing a system composed of two parallel plane transmission gratings is analyzed. A virtual image of the object is observed clearly behind the second grating under ideal conditions when the positions of two gratings meet special value. The function of the two gratings is analyzed theoretically during the process of bi-grating imaging and the relation formula among the two gratings＇ spatial frequencies, diffraction wave orders and positions necessary for obtaining bi-grating diffraction imaging is given. The result is satisfied with those of experiments.

关 键 词：物理光学 双光栅成像 汇合光谱 菲涅耳衍射 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]