武汉市硚口区847例学龄前儿童视力状况调查分析  

A Survey of Eyesight among 847 Preschool Children in Qiaokou District of Wuhan

作　　者：陈雯[1] 李少华[1] 汪岭 陆云霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院眼科 [2]武汉市硚口区妇幼保健院,武汉430030 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计系,武汉430030

出　　处：《中国康复》2007年第4期255-257,共3页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:了解学龄前儿童的视力状况,探讨不同年龄正常视力范围及影响学龄前儿童视力的危险因素。方法:采用随机整群抽样的方法对武汉市硚口区学龄前儿童847例进行视力、动态屈光和斜视检查,并对儿童家长采取问卷方式调查儿童视力相关影响因素以及家长掌握视觉保健知识的程度。结果:武汉市硚口区学龄前儿童<3.5岁的平均视力在0.3-0.5;3.5-5岁为0.3-0.6;5-6岁0.4-0.7;>6岁为0.5-0.8。从统计学角度未发现影响学龄前儿童视力的危险因素;家长问卷调查显示只有16.6%学龄前儿童检查过视力;家长对近视知识的了解程度远强于对弱视知识的了解(P<0.01)。结论:弱视的康复依赖于有效的筛查工作,且需统一标准;儿童视力问题不容忽视,除加大医疗方面的投入,还应加强宣传工作,提高卫生保健人员和社会群体在眼保健方面的知识水平。Objective; To study the eyesight condition of preschool children in Qiaokou district of Wuhan, explore the normal ranges of vision for different age groups and find the factors that can affect vision of preschool children. Methods：The children were selected by random cluster sampling from the district. Their vision, dynamic refraction and strabismus were checked. Their parents were surveyed by a questionnaire to find the possible risk factors that may have contribute to the weakening of their children＇s vision, and also to reveal the parents＇ health care knowledge on vision preservation, Results： For children of Qiaokou district of Wuhan, Huhei, the average ranges of vision were： 0. 3-0.5 for those below 3.5 years old, 0.3-0..6 for 3.5-5 years old, 0.4-0, 7 for 5-6 years old, and 0, 5-0.8 for over 6 years old. No risk factors were found from statistic point of view. Questionnaire survey revealed that only 16.6% of preschool children had their vision checked. It also revealed that the parents had a much better knowledge on myopia than on amblyopia （Fisher＇s Exact Test P〈0. 01）. Conclusion： Rehabilitation of amblyopia depends much on screening check, and the standard of the screening check should be unified. Eyesight issue of preschool children should not be overlooked. In addition to enhanced medical effort, education on children＇s vision health should also be strengthened to improve the knowledge of the society as well as the health care workers.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 视力 流行病学 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]