室间孔的临床应用解剖及内镜观察  

Clinical application anatomy and endoscopic views of interventricular foramen

作　　者：蔡强[1] 袁先厚[2] 田毅浩[3] 陈谦学[1] 刘仁忠[1] 史强[1] 简志宏[1] 叶应湖[1] 王国安[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院神经外科,武汉市430060 [2]武汉大学中南医院神经外科 [3]武汉大学医学院解剖学教研室

出　　处：《中华显微外科杂志》2007年第4期288-290,I0012,共4页Chinese Journal of Microsurgery

摘　　要：目的研究室间孔的临床应用解剖,为手术提供基础。方法对15例成年国人尸脑进行室间孔的解剖研究。对32例梗阻性脑积水患者室间孔进行神经内镜观察。结果室间孔是由穹窿、丘脑前极和脉络丛合围形成的一孔状结构,形态多为椭圆形,其平面与正中矢状面并非平行,而是有一夹角。神经内镜下发现可以清楚地观察到其周围的隔静脉、丘纹静脉、丘脑甚至第三脑室底等重要结构;同时发现在梗阻性脑积水患者中室间孔变化较大,部分明显扩大,部分明显缩小甚至闭锁。结论室间孔解剖较为简单,但存在形态大小的变异,特别是合并梗阻性脑积水时,其变化更为明显;清楚其解剖及毗邻关系是室间孔区域显微外科手术及内镜手术的基础。Objective To study the clinical application anatomy of interventricular foramen and offer a base for operation. Methods Interventricular foramens were observed in 15 adult cadaveric brain. Thirty-two patients of obstructive hydrocephalus were operated to observe the structure of interventricular foramen under neuroendoscope. Results Interventricular foramen was a poriform structure which consists of fornix, anterior pole of thalamencephalon and choroid plexus and was a oval shape in most of them. The plane of the foramen was a included angle with the median sagittal plane. The septal vein, thalamostriate vein, thalamencephal and even the floor of third ventricle could be observed clearly in endoscope. At the same time, we found the foramen had a significant change in obstructive hydrocephalus. Conclusion The interventricular foramen has a simple relatively structure but a variation on size and shape especially in obstructive hydrocephalus. A clearly comprehension of it＇s structure and adjacent is a base to microsurgery and endoscopic surgery on t, the foramen.

关 键 词：室间孔 神经内镜 梗阻性脑积水 应用解剖 

分 类 号：R651[医药卫生—外科学] R322[医药卫生—临床医学]