沙漠-绿洲系统中降雨、土壤水分与地下水位的响应特征  

Response characteristics of precipitation,soil moisture and groundwater level in desert-oasis system.

作　　者：李朝生[1] 杨晓晖[2] 张克斌[3] 于春堂[2] 慈龙骏[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局国家气象中心 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室 [3]北京林业大学水土保持学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2007年第4期129-135,共7页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30571529;30360016);"十五"国家重点科技攻关项目(2005BA517A04)

摘　　要：水分分布与运移对沙漠-绿洲区的荒漠化防治具有重要意义.该文对内蒙古自治区境内位于库布齐沙漠和黄河之间沙漠-绿洲系统中的降雨、土壤水分和地下水位在生长季进行观测.分析结果表明,在沙漠边缘三者之间的关系明显不同于过渡带和绿洲:沙漠边缘具有土壤含水量相对较低且土层间变异较大、地下水位较深但稳定、土壤水分与地下水关系不明晰、降雨在土壤中运移快、耗散明显等特征;绿洲区三者的特征与沙漠边缘正好相反;过渡带介于二者之间,但和沙漠边缘的特征更为接近.在沙漠边缘进行植被建设防风固沙时,应充分考虑这些因素,以保证植被的成活率,并使生态系统得以健康发育.Distribution and movement of water are important for combating the desertification in desert-oasis system. Precipitation, soil moisture and groundwater level were observed and analyzed in desert-oasis system in growing season, which lies between the Kubuqi Desert and the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Responses among the precipitation, soil moisture and groundwater level at the edge of desert were characterized by lower soil moisture content and higher variance among different layers, lower and steady groundwater level, fuzzy relations between soil moisture and groundwater, quick movement and obvious dissipation of the precipitation in soil, and all of the above were visibly different from those at the ecotone and oasis. The oasis＇ s response is direct opposite to the desert＇s,while the ecotone＇ s response is intermediate between desert＇s and oasis＇s but approach the desert＇s more. All the preceeding factors must be considered when the vegetation restorations begin at the edge of desert for wind-breaking and sand-fixing, which can assure the higher survival rate of vegetation and healthy development of the ecosystem.

关 键 词：降雨 土壤水分 地下水位 响应 沙漠-绿洲系统 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学] S718.55[农业科学—农业基础科学]