新疆陆地棉转基因抗病品系材料的获得  

Research on Transgenic Disease Resistance Strains of Xinjiang Upland Cotton

作　　者：危晓薇[1] 师维军[2] 葛峰[1] 徐利民[2] 王义琴[3] 黄全生[1] 吾买尔江[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农科院核生所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农科院经作所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2007年第4期402-407,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆农科院院长基金项目(2004YJ02)

摘　　要：天麻抗真菌蛋白(gastrodia antifungal protein简称GAFP)是从我国传统中药天麻(Gastrodia elata Bl.)中分离得到的一种具有广谱抗真菌活性的蛋白质,它对许多植物真菌病的致病菌离体具有很强的抑制作用。研究将所获得的转GAFP基因的陆地棉经Southern点杂交,证实得到了2株高抗枯、黄萎病的转基因植株。其后代经过进一步的抗病性筛选、PCR鉴定、选育和扩繁,发现转基因陆地棉后代具有稳定的、较强抗枯、黄萎病能力。研究为新疆陆地棉通过植物抗病基因工程的方法进行抗病品种选育提供了一条新的途径。Broadly speaking, there are no adequate measures for controlling the cotton fungal diseases Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt, which are important factors to influence cotton yield under certain conditions. Gastmdia antifungal protein （GAFP） isolated from traditional Chinese medicinal herb Gastrodia elata B1. is a small protein with a broad spectrum of antifungal activity. As it shows strong resistence to many pathogenic fungi including Verticillium dahliae kleb and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum which may cause cotton wilt, it possesses important potential in plant antifungal genetic engineering. In this study the gene encoding a Gastrodia anti - fungal protein was introduced into three cuhivars of cotton using the method of pollen - tube pathway transformation, with the purpose of obtaining transgenic plants with improved resistance to wilt. Of the 58 kanamycin - resistant cotton plants the two plants, XinB - 01 - 1 and XinB - 01 - 08, were scored as transgenic based on Sourthem blot. Field analysis demonstrated that the transgenic lines XinB - 01 - 1 and XinB - 01 - 08 posse an increased resistance to wilt. After 2 years of breeding, the progeny of XinB - 01 - 1 and XinB - 01 - 08 lines still showed a stable and strong resistance to Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt. Lines with high levels of resistance to Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt obtained from the present study may be widely planted and help to reduce the future impact of cotton wilt on production resulting in increased yields. Present study provided an effective approach for the prevention and control of cotton wilt by genetic engineering which possess significant potential in cotton production.

关 键 词：天麻抗真菌蛋白 转基因抗病陆地棉 棉花枯萎病和黄萎病 

分 类 号：S562.03[农业科学—作物学]