贵州瓮安埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组上段底部和下段的遗迹化石  

Trace Fossils from the Lower Member and the Lower Upper Member of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an,Guizhou,China

作　　者：王约[1] 徐一帆[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《现代地质》2007年第3期469-478,共10页Geoscience

基　　金：中国地质大学(北京)优秀博士论文扶持奖励基金项目;贵州省科学技术基金项目(J-2006-2099);中国石化科研项目(G0800-06-ZS-319);贵州大学学科建设基金项目

摘　　要：贵州瓮安地区埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组上段产有保存良好的具有生物多样化特征、包含多种门类磷质球粒状化石库的"瓮安生物群",成为地球早期生物特别是早期后生动物和动物胚胎化石研究的焦点地区。描述了产自瓮安陡山沱组"瓮安生物群"产出层位底部和之下层位的3个后生动物遗迹:Wenganichnus nanbaoensis(ichnogen.et ichnosp.nov.)为具有衬里和半月形回填构造的微弯曲的潜穴管;Doushantuoichnus curvatus(ichnogen.et ichnosp.nov.)为具有细小横纹脊的中沟和两排呈叠瓦状排列的小羽叶状凸起的表生迹;?Planolitesichnosp.为任意弯曲的、与围岩岩性略有区别的长线状底迹突起。遗迹化石的形态特征表明它们的造迹生物为沿一定方向运动的、背部与腹部以及前部与后部分化的、两侧对称的蠕虫状后生动物,而非沉积构造。"瓮安生物群"中后生动物的卵和胚胎化石可能系不易保存的软躯体动物的卵和胚胎在水动力作用下与沉积物一起被搬运、沉积,埋藏于较高能浅水环境并处于休眠状态,且被保存。The Weng＇an biota, a well-preserved phosphatized fossil Lagerstatten, from the Upper Member of the Neoproterozoic Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation at Weng＇an County, Guizhou Province （E107°23′03″, N27°00′56″）, including various multicellular organisms, has been attached to the study of early metazoan and embryos of metazoan. In the horizon of the lower of the Weng＇an biota yielded and under it, three trace fossils are found： Wenganichnus nanbaoensis（ ichnogen, et ichnosp, nov. ）, a slight curving tube with liner and lunate backfill-structure; Doushantuoichnus curvatus （ichnogen. et ichnosp, nov. ）, an epichnion bearing a central groove with small across ridges and some leaf-shaped ichnosp. , a long linear-form ichnofossil wandering bulges on the both sides of the central groove ; ？Planolites on the bedding surface and differing from the host rock. The characteristics of the trace fossils show they are produced by animal, no sedimentary structures. Their makers may be bilateral symmetric worm-form animals that could have fore/hind and dorsal/ventral differentiation and could be ability to move along an orientation. The egg and embryo fossils from the Weng＇an biota may be oviposited by soft-body metazoan that is uneasily preserved. The eggs and embryos, in shallow-water with a high-energy environment, were conveyed and deposited in seafloor together with sediments, and then the dormant eggs and embryos buried in sediments are preserved.

关 键 词：遗迹化石 后生动物 瓮安生物群 陡山沱组 埃迪卡拉系 贵州瓮安 

分 类 号：Q911.28[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]