半滑舌鳎的性腺分化和温度对性别决定的影响  

Gonadal differentiation and effects of temperature on sex determination in half-smooth tongue-sole,Cynoglossus semilaevis

作　　者：邓思平[1] 陈松林[2] 田永胜[2] 刘本伟[2] 庄志猛[2] 王清印[2] 邓寒[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2007年第5期714-719,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家863计划项目资助(2005AA603110;2006AA10A403);山东省农业良种工程重大项目资助

摘　　要：半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevisGünther)是近年来新开发的一种理想的增养殖对象,雌性个体生长速度比雄性快2～3倍。由于温度可影响多种鱼类的性腺分化,因而探索温度对该鱼的性别决定和性腺分化的影响,获得性逆转雄性亲本,用于培育全雌后代,具有重要的应用前景和经济效益。通过石蜡组织切片,对半滑舌鳎早期性腺分化进行组织学观察。发现在24℃饲养条件下,孵化后30 d半滑舌鳎性腺开始分化,其中具有裂隙的性腺原基未来发育为卵巢,而不具裂隙的原基未来发育为精巢。在孵化后25～100 d对半滑舌鳎进行不同温度(16℃、20℃、24℃、28℃、32℃)处理,在9月龄时利用石蜡组织切片鉴定表型性别,观察温度对性腺分化的影响,结果表明,28℃和32℃高温能显著提高群体中的雄性比例,使其分别达到69.2%和66.7%;而低温16℃和20℃对性腺分化影响不大,群体中雄性比例分别为56.5%和57.1%;24℃处理群体中雌雄个体比例接近1∶1。半滑舌鳎雌性特异的遗传性别鉴定技术也检测到高温和低温处理组出现了由基因型雌性向表型雄性逆转的雄性个体。这些结果表明温度影响了半滑舌鳎性腺分化方向。Half-smooth tongue-sole （Cynoglossus semilaevis ） is a newly exploited and commercially important cultured marine flatfish, in which females grow 1 - 2 times faster than males. In mang teleost, phenotypic sex can be altered by temperature. Thus, with the sex reversal by temperature treatment to breed allfemale tongue sole stock would be of significant benefit for aquaculture. Gonadal differentiation of halfsmooth tongue-sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis were observed by histological sectioning. The histological differentiation occurred firstly in 30 days post hatching（dph）. There were two types of gonad and one with cavity will develop into ovary, and the other one without cavity will develop into testis. By the method of histological sectioning and female-specific molecular marker to determine the genetic sex, the effects of temperature on sex determination in tongue sole were addressed in a separate experiment. Juvenile tongue sole were reared at 16 ℃ ,20 ℃ ,24 ℃ ,28 ℃ or 32 ℃ from 25 to 100 dph. High temperatures （28 ℃ and 32 ℃ ） may induce phenotypic sex reversal in juvenile tongue sole producing a higher proportion of males （ 69.2% males at 28 ℃ ,0.01〈P〈0.05,66.7% males at 32 ℃ ,0.01〈 P〈0.05）. Low temperatures （16 ℃ and 20 ℃ ） may induce phenotypic sex reversal and produced a slightly higher proportion of males（56.5 % males at 16 ℃, P 〉 0.05 ; 57.1% males at 20 ℃, P 〉0.05）. When reared at 24 ℃ , the tongue sole got a sex ratio close to 1 ： 1. The female-specific molecular marker also suggested that both high and low temperature induce sex reversal from female to male. These findings indicate that sex differentiation in tongue sole is influenced by temperature. [Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2007,14（5 ） ： 714 - 719 ]

关 键 词：半滑舌鳎 性腺分化 性别决定 温度 

分 类 号：Q959.486[生物学—动物学]