养殖大菱鲆的爱德华氏菌病  

Edwardsiellosis in cultured Scophthalmus maximus

作　　者：王印庚[1] 秦蕾[1] 张正[1] 马爱军[1] 张立敬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2007年第4期487-495,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术发展计划(2003AA622070);中国水产科学研究院人才资金项目;农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(04-11-01B)

摘　　要：2004年5月至2005年9月间,先后对潍坊、烟台、威海和青岛等沿海区域养殖的大菱鲆自然发生的6宗爱德华氏菌感染病例进行了流行病学、病原分离鉴定和组织病理学等方面的调查研究。根据分离菌株的形态、生理生化特性,并结合16S rDNA序列分析,将其鉴定为迟钝爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)。人工感染实验证实该菌为大菱鲆爱德华氏菌病的致病菌。大菱鲆迟钝爱德华氏菌病具有急性和慢性两种感染形式。迟钝爱德华氏菌感染可引起大菱鲆肾脏、脾脏、肝脏、肠、鳃、皮肤等器官组织发生不同程度的病理变化,其显著特点是单核巨噬细胞增生,使得各器官组织出现巨噬细胞浸润现象。病鱼的组织病理变化以肾脏最为明显,包括巨噬细胞大量增生,多发性局灶坏死伴有渗出性炎症反应以及肉芽肿的产生;肾脏外观则显示异常膨大,正常组织转变为白色脓疡或豆腐渣状。本文属国内首次报道爱德华氏菌感染大菱鲆致病,为该鱼类的健康养殖和疾病防治提供参考和依据。From May 2004 to September 2005, a survey was conducted in six cases of edwardsiellosis in cultured turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. The dominant strain isolated from diseased turbot was identified as Edwardsiella tarda, based on its morphology, physiological ＆ biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Challenging tests by the isolate indicated that it was the causative agent for the edwardsiellosis. The disease had two types of infection, i.e., acute and chronic, giving different clinical signs. Histopathological analysis revealed that the edwardsiellosis could cause lesions in the kidney, spleen, liver, intestine, gills and skin. The most prominent histopathological characteristics of this disease were the proliferation and infiltration of macrophages in various tissues and organs, The kidney showed the most marked changes, i.e., proliferation of microphages, multiple necrosis, exudative fibrin and formation of enormous granuloma, while the organ extremely enlarged and changedto whitish pustule. This is the first report for edwardsiellosis in cultured Scophthalmus maximus, in order to provide reference in health management and disease control.

关 键 词：大菱鲆 迟钝爱德华氏菌 细菌鉴定 组织病理学 16S RDNA 

分 类 号：S941.42[农业科学—水产养殖]