新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗低剂量免疫策略(隆安模式)远期效果评价  

Long term Effectiveness of Low dose Strategy of Hepatitis B Vaccination Integrated with EPI Program

作　　者：李荣成[1,2] 李辉[1,2] 李艳萍[1,2] 廖苏苏 龚健[1,2] 农艺[1,2] 潘利 张孔来[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区卫生防疫站 [2]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学基础医学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生学报》1997年第2期65-67,共3页

基　　金：美国中华医学基金

摘　　要：采用整群抽样方法，选择了１０１８名１～７岁新生儿期接种３针１０μｇ乙型肝炎血源疫苗免疫的儿童，检测ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗ＢＨｓ和抗ＨＢｃ，以评价乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫，实施低剂量免疫策略７年后的效果。结果显示ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率为２．０％，与１９８５年该免疫计划实施前儿童ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率１２．７％比较，疫苗保护率为８５．０％，保护率从免疫后１～２年的８２．０％逐年上升为免疫后７年的９６．４％；抗ＨＢｓ阳性率为７９．７％，保护性抗体阳性率为５４．２％；两者从免疫后１～２年的９１．８％和７５．０％明显下降为免疫后第７年的７３．７％和４８．２％；抗ＨＢｃ阳性率为３．０％，显著低于免疫前的１８．４％。结果说明低剂量免疫策略控制乙肝是成功的，实施７年后是否需加强免疫有待进一步观察。A 7 year cross sectional follow up study was conducted to evaluate the long term effectiveness of a model HB immunization integrated with EPI program (low dose strategy) in Long An County of China in 1994.A sample of 1018 children aged 1￣7 years,who received 3 dosage of 10μg HB vaccine in infancy starting from 1987,were selected to test HBsAg,Anti HBs and Anti HBc.Of 1018 children,HBsAg positive rate was 2.0%,and effectiveness was 85.0%,compared with 12.7% of the baseline survey in 1985.The increase of effectiveness was from 82.0% at 1￣2 years to 96.4% at 7 years after infancy immunization.The Anti HBs positive rate was 79.7%,and the protective anti HBs positive rate was 54.2%,and the decrases for both rates ranged from 91.8% and 75.0% at 1￣2 years to 73.7% and 48.2% at 7 years after first dosages vaccination.Anti HBc positive rate was 3.0%, significantly lower than 18.4% of the baseline survey.The results showed that the low dose strategy was successful,and that need for vaccination against HB was not demonstrated in Long An County at 7 year after initial immunization.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 低剂量 免疫接种 远期效果 新生儿 

分 类 号：R722.139[医药卫生—儿科] R186[医药卫生—临床医学]