金属离子和神经递质对多室草苔虫幼虫附着的影响  

Attachment of bryozoan(Bugula neritina) larvae affected by ions and neuroactive compounds

作　　者：于秀娟[1] 严岩[2] 顾继东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大亚湾海洋生物综合实验站,广东深圳518121

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2007年第4期43-50,共8页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广东省重大科技兴海项目

摘　　要：研究了4种离子(K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、NH4+)和五种神经递质(r-氨基丁酸,缩写为GABA、乙酰胆碱、L-多巴、多巴胺、5-羟色胺)不同浓度溶液对多室草苔虫Bugula neritina幼虫附着的影响。结果表明,10—70mmol.L-1的K+和高于10mmol.L-1的NH4+均有效地诱导幼虫附着在培养皿底部,而1—50mmol.L-1的Mg2+则明显延长幼虫的浮游时间并抑制幼虫的最终附着。Ca2+对幼虫的附着没有明显的影响。10-2mol.L-1的GABA可以诱导幼虫附着,但低于该浓度则没有明显的作用。乙酰胆碱(10-2—10-3mol.L-1)、L-多巴(10-3—10-5mol.L-1)和多巴胺(10-3—10-4mol.L-1)均诱导幼虫的附着行为,但是却不能诱导幼虫的最终附着,这可能是由于这些物质限制了幼虫的活动能力,进而降低了其在探索过程中寻找到合适基质的机率。10-3—10-5mol.L-1的5-羟色胺通过强迫幼虫维持浮游而抑制幼虫的最终附着,据此推测5-羟色胺及其衍生物应用于开发无毒型的防污漆会有良好的前景。该研究为进一步研究苔藓虫幼虫的附着机制以及开发无毒环境友好型防污物质或是人工养殖苔藓虫提供了科学依据。The impacts of four inorganic ions and five neuroactive compounds on larval attachment of bryozoan Bugula neritina were investigated through a series of laboratory experiments, with an aim of identifying artificial cues for prevention and mariculture of this species. K＋ at all concentrations （10- 70 mmol · L^-1） and NH＋ over 10 mmol· L^-1 significantly induced the larval attachment on the bottom surfaces of the culture dishes. Mg^2＋ at all concentrations （1--50mmol · L^-1） significantly inhibited the larval attachment, while Ca^2＋ showed toxic to the larvae at higher concentrations. GABA induced the larval attach ment to the bottom surfaces of aquariums at the concentration of 10-2 mol· L^-1, but did not show any induction at other concentrations. Acetycholine at 10-2 and 10-3 mol · L^-1, L-DOPA at 10^-3 , 10^-4 and 10^-5 mol · L^-1, and dopamine at 10^-3 and 10^-4 mol · L^-1 significantly induced the larval settlement behavior but inhibited the larval attachment, which may be due to the restricted mobility and less activity of the larvae to probe the surface during exploration. Serotonin at concentrations of 10^-3 to 10^-5 mol· L^-1 significantly inhibited the larval settlement and attachment through keeping the larvae swimming, suggesting that serotonin and its derivatives are promising candidates for the development of non-toxic antifouling substances.

关 键 词：多室草苔虫Bugula neritina 附着 离子 神经活性物质 

分 类 号：Q959.23[生物学—动物学]