烟秆制活性炭的工艺研究  

Study on Preparation of Activated Carbon from Tobacco Stems

作　　者：卢春兰[1] 徐绍平[1] 刘淑琴[1] 齐本东[1] 刘长厚[1] 池吉安[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化学工艺系精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116012 [2]平顶山工学院化工系,河南平顶山467001

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2007年第4期127-130,共4页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

摘　　要：以烟秆为原料，经炭化后用水蒸气活化制备活性炭。系统考察了影响活性炭质量的工艺条件。实验结果表明：以烟秆为原料，水蒸气为活化剂，在较温和的条件（活化温度750—800℃，水-炭质量比1．5—2．0：1．0）下可制取碘吸附值840—912mg／g、BET比表面积为522～590m^2／g的活性炭；对烟秆炭化料活化有较大影响的因素是活化温度和活化剂用量，而炭化温度和升温速度对烟秆炭化料活化的影响较小，可采用流化床反应器一步法工艺制廉价粉状普通活性炭；烟秆原料中的灰分对活化反应过程有一定的催化作用。采用先水蒸气活化再用稀盐酸脱灰处理的工艺，可有效利用烟秆灰分的催化作用提高产品的吸附性能，同时使产品的灰分达到标准要求。Activated carbon was prepared from tobacco stem by steam activation. The results show that activation temperature and S/C ratio are important to the porosity development of the activated carbon. Activated carbon with BET surface area of 522- 590 m^2/g and iodine adsorption capacity of 840-912 mg/g has been produced under activation temperature 750-800 ℃ and S/C ratio between 1.5-2.0 ： 1.0. The study confirms that tobacco stems are highly reactive to steam activation, and therefore can be used to produce activated carbon through a single stage activation process in a fluid bed. Mineral matters in tobacco stems were found to be catalytic to steam activation of the precursor, upon which a process of deashing with diluted HCl solution followed by activation to produce activated carbon with relatively lower mineral content has been put forward.

关 键 词：烟秆 水蒸气活化 盐酸脱灰 活性炭 

分 类 号：TQ424.19[化学工程]