环境温度对水产养殖定量化影响的研究  

Research on the Effect of Environmental Temperatures on Quantifying Aquaculture

作　　者：郭秀云[1] 王胜[1] 吴必文[1] 石磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省气候中心,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省气象局,安徽合肥230061

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2007年第24期7498-7499,共2页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：分析了环境温度条件对水产养殖的作用,从而为生产实践借鉴。分别对自然池塘溶解氧以及人工增氧情况下的水体中溶解氧与水温进行观测,研究了水温与养殖水体溶解氧、pH值及氨氮量的关系。并分别以尼罗罗非鱼、中华鳖和文种金鱼为养殖对象,系统地分析了水温对养殖对象生长、摄食、繁殖机能的影响。水温与溶氧量关系符合等比级曲线模型,水温与氨氮总量整体上呈负相关。不同水产生物对水温具有不同的适应性,在适温范围,水温越高,养殖对象摄食量越大,生长速度越快,饵料系数越小。水温的高低直接决定着受精卵的孵化时间,在适温范围内,水温越高孵化时间越短。水温不仅影响养殖水体水质状况,还影响养殖对象的生长发育。The purpose was to analyze the function of temperature condition on aquaculture systematically, which would be used as reference for produc-tion practice.The dissolved oxygen content in natural pond and the water temperature and dissolved oxygen content in water body trader increasing oxygen artificially were determined respectively to study the relationship of water temperature and dissolved oxygen content, pH and ammonia amount. And with Sarotherodon niloticus Tilapia, Trionyx sinensis and Chinese Oranda as aquicuhure objects, the effect of water temperature on the growth, feeding and re-productive function of above aquiculture objects were analyzed systematically. The relationship between water temperature and dissolved oxygen content ac-corded to equal ratio grade curve model and the water temperature negatively related to total amount of ammonia nitrogen as a whole. Different aquatic or- ganisms had different adaptabilities to water temperature, and in suitable temperature range the higher the water temperature was, the bigger the feeding amount was;and the higher the growing speed was,the smaller the bait coefficient of culturing object was.The water temperature decided the incubation time of fertilized egg directly and the higher the temperature was, the shorter the incubation time was in suitable temperature range. The water temperature not only influenced the water quality of aquacuhure water, but also influenced the growth and development of culturing object.

关 键 词：水温 水环境因子 水产养殖 

分 类 号：S96[农业科学—水产养殖]